Dumas D, Pelletier L
Child Psychiatry Unit in Quebec, Hotel-Dieu du Sacre-Coeur de Jesus de Quebec, Canada.
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 1999 Jan-Feb;24(1):12-9. doi: 10.1097/00005721-199901000-00004.
This research aimed to describe self-perception among hyperactive children in comparison with a general population of children of the same age.
A descriptive study with 116 children (between 6 and 11 years of age) distributed as follows: 57 hyperactive (20 girls and 37 boys) and 59 control group (25 girls and 34 boys). The hyperactive children were being treated at the outpatient clinic of a child psychiatry hospital. The children in the control group were recruited from a Quebec City elementary school.
Children in both groups participated in an interview during which they answered the Self-Perception Profile for Children (r = 0.90) consisting of six well-defined subscales.
Univariate analyses were used to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of both hyperactive and control group children. Groups were compared using t and chi-square tests. Univariate statistics were used to describe the characteristics of self-perception for each group overall and for each of the dimensions. Multivariate analysis was used to compare self-perception in hyperactive and control group children.
All dimensions of self-perception were lower among hyperactive children than among children in the control group, except athletic competence, which was higher. Multivariate analysis indicated that the dimensions of scholastic competence, social acceptance, and behavioral conduct were problem areas for hyperactive children.
Nursing care interventions for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) should be developed which assist children in increasing self-perception. This is a first step in developing a comprehensive plan of care.
本研究旨在描述多动症儿童与同龄普通儿童群体相比的自我认知情况。
一项描述性研究，涉及116名6至11岁的儿童，分布如下：57名多动症儿童（20名女孩和37名男孩）和59名对照组儿童（25名女孩和34名男孩）。多动症儿童在一家儿童精神病医院的门诊接受治疗。对照组儿童从魁北克市的一所小学招募。
两组儿童都参与了一次访谈，期间他们回答了《儿童自我认知量表》（r = 0.90），该量表由六个明确界定的子量表组成。
采用单变量分析来描述多动症组和对照组儿童的社会人口统计学特征。使用t检验和卡方检验对两组进行比较。单变量统计用于描述每组总体以及每个维度的自我认知特征。多变量分析用于比较多动症组和对照组儿童的自我认知。
多动症儿童的自我认知所有维度均低于对照组儿童，但运动能力维度除外，多动症儿童的运动能力更高。多变量分析表明，学业能力、社会接纳和行为表现维度是多动症儿童的问题领域。
应为注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童制定护理干预措施，以帮助儿童提高自我认知。这是制定全面护理计划的第一步。
