Daaleman T P, Frey B
Department of Family Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Medicine, Kansas City 66160-7370, USA.
J Fam Pract. 1999 Feb;48(2):98-104.
The current movement in American medicine toward patient-centered or relationship-centered care highlights the importance of assessing physician core beliefs and personal philosophies. Religious and spiritual beliefs are often entwined within this domain. The purpose of this study was to identify the personal religious and spiritual beliefs and practices of family physicians and to test a valid and reliable measure of religiosity that would be useful in physician populations.
An anonymous survey was mailed to a random sample of active members of the American Academy of Family Physicians who had the self-designated professional activity of direct patient care. Physicians reported their religious and spiritual beliefs and practices, including frequency of religious service attendance and private prayer or spiritual practice, and self-reported intrinsic or subjective religiosity.
Seventy-four percent of the surveyed physicians reported at least weekly or monthly service attendance, and 79% reported a strong religious or spiritual orientation. A small percentage (4.5%) of physicians stated they do not believe in God. A 3-dimensional religiosity scale that assessed organized religious activity, nonorganized religious activity, and intrinsic religiosity was determined to be a valid and reliable measure (alpha = .87) of physician religious and spiritual beliefs and practices.
Family physicians report religious and spiritual beliefs and practices at rates that are comparable with the general population.
美国医学当前向以患者为中心或关系为中心的医疗模式转变，凸显了评估医生核心信念和个人理念的重要性。宗教和精神信仰常常交织在这一领域。本研究的目的是确定家庭医生的个人宗教和精神信仰及实践，并测试一种对医生群体有用的有效且可靠的宗教信仰衡量方法。
向美国家庭医生学会的在职成员随机抽取样本邮寄一份匿名调查问卷，这些成员从事直接的患者护理工作。医生报告他们的宗教和精神信仰及实践，包括参加宗教仪式的频率、私下祈祷或精神修行，以及自我报告的内在或主观宗教信仰。
74%的受访医生报告至少每周或每月参加一次宗教仪式，79%的医生报告有强烈的宗教或精神倾向。一小部分（4.5%）医生表示他们不信上帝。一个评估有组织宗教活动、无组织宗教活动和内在宗教信仰的三维宗教信仰量表被确定为衡量医生宗教和精神信仰及实践的有效且可靠的方法（α = 0.87）。
家庭医生报告的宗教和精神信仰及实践比例与普通人群相当。
