Long Q, Xu X Y, Collins M W, Griffith T M, Bourne M
Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemical Technology, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK.
Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1998;26(4):227-74. doi: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v26.i4.10.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has proven to be a valuable technique in the study of blood flow in arteries because of its capability of obtaining quantitatively velocities and wall shear stress. However, the "bottleneck" problem limiting the application of CFD is the difficulty of constructing anatomically realistic arterial geometries. In this survey, an overview is presented of the progress over the last decade in the development of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) techniques, medical image processing and CFD, as well as the combination of these techniques in hemodynamics research. It is demonstrated that with modern angiographic techniques such as MRA, noninvasive measurement of human angiograms becomes possible and practical. Together with digital medical image processing and analysis techniques, computational models can be constructed for the "real" human arteries without making any geometric assumptions. When allied with state-of-the-art CFD codes, velocity and wall shear stress distributions, as well as particle trajectories, can be determined in the arteries.
计算流体动力学（CFD）已被证明是研究动脉血流的一种有价值的技术，因为它能够定量获取速度和壁面剪应力。然而，限制CFD应用的“瓶颈”问题是构建符合解剖学实际的动脉几何形状存在困难。在本次综述中，概述了过去十年磁共振血管造影（MRA）技术、医学图像处理和CFD的发展进展，以及这些技术在血流动力学研究中的结合。结果表明，借助MRA等现代血管造影技术，对人体血管造影进行无创测量成为可能且切实可行。结合数字医学图像处理和分析技术，可以在不做任何几何假设的情况下为“真实”人体动脉构建计算模型。当与最先进的CFD代码结合使用时，可以确定动脉中的速度、壁面剪应力分布以及粒子轨迹。
