Angst J, Angst F, Stassen H H
Zurich University Psychiatric Hospital, Switzerland.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60 Suppl 2:57-62; discussion 75-6, 113-6.
Understanding the origins of suicide is the first step in preventing it. Review of the current literature has revealed only limited data from general practice and community samples; most research has been performed on inpatient psychiatric populations, and extended follow-ups are rare. Mood disorders were found to be highly associated with suicide, especially in patients with major depressive disorder. Depression is an important factor in suicides of adolescents and the elderly, but those with late-onset depression are at higher risk. Both comorbidity with other disorders, such as anxiety and agitation, and rapid changes in the depressive state, for instance after release from the hospital, increase the risk for suicide.
了解自杀的根源是预防自杀的第一步。对当前文献的回顾发现，来自全科医疗和社区样本的数据有限；大多数研究是在住院精神科患者中进行的，长期随访很少见。发现情绪障碍与自杀高度相关，尤其是在重度抑郁症患者中。抑郁症是青少年和老年人自杀的一个重要因素，但晚发性抑郁症患者的风险更高。与其他疾病如焦虑和激动的共病，以及抑郁状态的快速变化，例如出院后，都会增加自杀风险。
