Jenkins D J, Kendall C W, Vidgen E, Agarwal S, Rao A V, Rosenberg R S, Diamandis E P, Novokmet R, Mehling C C, Perera T, Griffin L C, Cunnane S C
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Mar;69(3):395-402. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/69.3.395.
Currently there is considerable interest in the potential health benefits of oil seeds, such as soy and flaxseed, especially in relation to cardiovascular disease and cancer.
We therefore evaluated health aspects of partially defatted flaxseed in relation to serum lipids, indicators of oxidative stress, and ex vivo sex hormone activities.
Twenty-nine hyperlipidemic subjects (22 men and 7 postmenopausal women) completed two 3-wk treatment periods in a randomized, crossover trial. Subjects were given muffins that contributed approximately 20 g fiber/d from either flaxseed (approximately 50 g partially defatted flaxseed/d) or wheat bran (control) while they consumed self-selected National Cholesterol Education Program Step II diets. Both muffins had similar macronutrient profiles. Treatment phases were separated by > or = 2 wk.
Partially defatted flaxseed reduced total cholesterol (4.6+/-1.2%; P = 0.001), LDL cholesterol (7.6+/-1.8%; P < 0.001), apolipoprotein B (5.4+/-1.4%; P = 0.001), and apolipoprotein A-I (5.8+/-1.9%; P = 0.005), but had no effect on serum lipoprotein ratios at week 3 compared with the control. There were no significant effects on serum HDL cholesterol, serum protein carbonyl content, or ex vivo androgen or progestin activity after either treatment. Unexpectedly, serum protein thiol groups were significantly lower (10.8+/-3.6%; P = 0.007) at week 3 after the flaxseed treatment than after the control, suggesting increased oxidation.
These data indicate that partially defatted flaxseed is effective in lowering LDL cholesterol. No effects on lipoprotein ratios, ex vivo serum androgen or progestin activity, or protein carbonyl content were observed. The significance of increased oxidation of protein thiol groups with flaxseed consumption requires further investigation.
目前，人们对油籽（如大豆和亚麻籽）潜在的健康益处颇感兴趣，尤其是与心血管疾病和癌症相关的益处。
因此，我们评估了部分脱脂亚麻籽对血脂、氧化应激指标以及体外性激素活性的健康影响。
29名高脂血症受试者（22名男性和7名绝经后女性）在一项随机交叉试验中完成了两个为期3周的治疗期。受试者食用松饼，这些松饼每日从亚麻籽（约50克部分脱脂亚麻籽/天）或麦麸（对照组）中提供约20克纤维，同时他们食用自行选择的美国国家胆固醇教育计划第二步饮食。两种松饼的宏量营养素概况相似。治疗阶段间隔≥2周。
部分脱脂亚麻籽降低了总胆固醇（4.6±1.2%；P = 0.001）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（7.6±1.8%；P < 0.001）、载脂蛋白B（5.4±1.4%；P = 0.001）和载脂蛋白A-I（5.8±1.9%；P = 0.005），但与对照组相比，在第3周时对血清脂蛋白比率没有影响。两种治疗后，对血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血清蛋白羰基含量或体外雄激素或孕激素活性均无显著影响。出乎意料的是，亚麻籽治疗后第3周血清蛋白巯基显著低于对照组（10.8±3.6%；P = 0.007），表明氧化增加。
这些数据表明部分脱脂亚麻籽在降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇方面有效。未观察到对脂蛋白比率、体外血清雄激素或孕激素活性或蛋白羰基含量的影响。食用亚麻籽后蛋白巯基氧化增加的意义需要进一步研究。
