Diehl J M
Universität Giessen.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1999 Feb 6;129(5):151-61.
To assess their food preferences a list of 114 foods and 14 beverages was submitted to a sample of 696 boys and 537 girls aged 10 to 14 years. For each item subjects had to rare by means of a five-point facial scale how much they liked or disliked it. Items with highest preference ratings were foods like pizza, ice cream, spaghetti, French fries, hamburgers, pudding, corn flakes, potato chips and popcorn, but also included the most common types of fruit. Disliked to a high degree were liver, canned or steamed fish, raw sauerkraut and red cabbage. In food groups derived by factor analysis, fast food, candy and salty snacks (along with fruit) showed highest mean liking, while vegetables (particularly cooked) ranked at the bottom of the scale. In boys significantly stronger preferences were found for food groups such as fast food, meats, cold cuts and fish, whereas girls had a (slightly) higher preference for fruit, vegetables and cheese. Neither children's age nor relative weight were related to their food preferences to a significant degree. Similarly, groups defined by father's educational level did not show important differences in their food preferences.
为了评估他们的食物偏好，向696名10至14岁的男孩和537名10至14岁的女孩提交了一份包含114种食物和14种饮料的清单。对于每一项，受试者必须通过五点面部量表对他们喜欢或不喜欢的程度进行评分。偏好评分最高的食物有披萨、冰淇淋、意大利面、薯条、汉堡、布丁、玉米片、薯片和爆米花，还包括最常见的水果种类。最不受欢迎的是肝脏、罐装或清蒸鱼、生酸菜和红甘蓝。在通过因子分析得出的食物类别中，快餐、糖果和咸味小吃（以及水果）的平均喜好度最高，而蔬菜（尤其是煮熟的蔬菜）的评分则排在量表的底部。在男孩中，对快餐、肉类、冷切肉和鱼类等食物类别的偏好明显更强，而女孩对水果、蔬菜和奶酪的偏好（略）高一些。儿童的年龄和相对体重与他们的食物偏好均无显著关联。同样，按父亲教育水平划分的群体在食物偏好上也没有表现出重要差异。
