婴儿淤青的患病率及分布情况。
The prevalence and distribution of bruising in babies.
作者信息
Carpenter R F
机构信息
South Durham Healthcare NHS Trust, Archer Street Health Clinic, Archer Street, Darlington DL3 6LT, UK.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 1999 Apr;80(4):363-6. doi: 10.1136/adc.80.4.363.
AIM
To obtain a prevalence rate and determine the distribution of accidental bruising in babies.
METHODS
177 babies aged 6-12 months were examined naked to look for bruises. They were seen in health visitor hearing test clinics and child health surveillance clinics. The site, size, shape, and colour of bruises were recorded on a skin map, and the parent's explanation noted. Any other injury was recorded. Data collection included the baby's age, mobility and weight, demographic details, and health visitor concerns.
RESULTS
Twenty two babies had bruises, giving a prevalence rate of 12%. There was a total of 32 bruises, 15 babies had one bruise. All bruises were found on the front of the body and were located over bony prominences. Twenty five of the bruises were on the face and head, and seven were on the shin. The babies with bruises on the shin were mobile. There was a highly significant increase in bruises with increase in mobility.
CONCLUSIONS
The study has produced a prevalence and distribution of bruising in babies and sets a baseline from which to work when assessing bruises. It also tested out the methodology, which could be used in further research, particularly of younger babies. Clinicians need to assess a baby's level of development when considering whether a bruise is accidental.
目的
获取婴儿意外擦伤的患病率并确定其分布情况。
方法
对177名6至12个月大的婴儿进行裸体检查以寻找擦伤。这些婴儿是在健康访视员听力测试诊所和儿童健康监测诊所接受检查的。擦伤的部位、大小、形状和颜色记录在皮肤图谱上，并记录家长的解释。记录任何其他损伤情况。数据收集包括婴儿的年龄、活动能力和体重、人口统计学细节以及健康访视员的关注点。
结果
22名婴儿有擦伤，患病率为12%。总共有32处擦伤，15名婴儿有一处擦伤。所有擦伤均位于身体前部且在骨突部位。其中25处擦伤在面部和头部，7处擦伤在小腿。小腿有擦伤的婴儿活动能力较强。随着活动能力的增加，擦伤数量显著增加。
结论
该研究得出了婴儿擦伤的患病率和分布情况，并为评估擦伤时提供了一个工作基线。它还测试了该方法，该方法可用于进一步的研究，特别是针对更小婴儿的研究。临床医生在考虑擦伤是否为意外时需要评估婴儿的发育水平。
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