Toeller M, Buyken A E, Heitkamp G, de Pergola G, Giorgino F, Fuller J H
Clinical Department, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Diabetes Care. 1999 Mar;22 Suppl 2:B21-8.
A cross-sectional analysis of dietary fiber intake was performed in European type 1 diabetic patients enrolled in the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study to explore its potential relationship to serum cholesterol levels and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Dietary intake was assessed by a standardized 3-day dietary record. For analysis of fiber intake (total, soluble, and insoluble) and its associations with CVD (past history or electrocardiogram abnormalities), complete data were available from 1,050 male and 1,012 female individuals. Relationships of fiber intakes to serum cholesterol levels (total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol) were examined in 926 men and 881 women with type 1 diabetes.
Higher intakes of total fiber (g/day) were independently associated with significantly higher levels of HDL cholesterol in male (P = 0.01) and female individuals (P = 0.03). Fiber intakes of men with type 1 diabetes were also inversely related to ratios of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (P = 0.0001) and levels of LDL cholesterol (P = 0.0002). A protective effect of total fiber intake against CVD was observed for female subjects, where a significant trend was maintained after adjustment for potential confounders, including energy and saturated fat (P = 0.03 vs. P = 0.2 in men). Results were similar in separate analyses of soluble and insoluble fiber.
The present study demonstrates that higher fiber intakes are independently related to beneficial alterations of the serum cholesterol pattern in men and to a lower risk for CVD in European insulin-dependent women. Beneficial effects can already be observed for fiber amounts within the range commonly consumed by outpatients with type 1 diabetes.
对参与欧洲糖尿病研究（EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study）的欧洲1型糖尿病患者的膳食纤维摄入量进行横断面分析，以探讨其与血清胆固醇水平及心血管疾病（CVD）患病率之间的潜在关系。
通过标准化的3天饮食记录评估饮食摄入量。在分析纤维摄入量（总纤维、可溶性纤维和不溶性纤维）及其与心血管疾病（既往病史或心电图异常）的关联时，共有1050名男性和1012名女性个体的完整数据。在926名男性和881名女性1型糖尿病患者中，研究了纤维摄入量与血清胆固醇水平（总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇）之间的关系。
总纤维摄入量（克/天）较高与男性（P = 0.01）和女性个体（P = 0.03）中显著更高的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平独立相关。1型糖尿病男性患者的纤维摄入量也与总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比值（P = 0.0001）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（P = 0.0002）呈负相关。在女性受试者中观察到总纤维摄入量对心血管疾病有保护作用，在对包括能量和饱和脂肪在内的潜在混杂因素进行调整后，仍保持显著趋势（男性中P = 0.2，女性中P = 0.03）。可溶性纤维和不溶性纤维的单独分析结果相似。
本研究表明，较高的纤维摄入量与男性血清胆固醇模式的有益改变独立相关，并且与欧洲胰岛素依赖型女性患心血管疾病的较低风险相关。对于1型糖尿病门诊患者通常摄入范围内的纤维量，已经可以观察到有益效果。
