NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2011 Mar;3(3):341-69. doi: 10.3390/nu3030341. Epub 2011 Mar 14.
The rising prevalence of obesity, not only in adults but also in children and adolescents, is one of the most important public health problems in developed and developing countries. As one possible way to tackle obesity, a great interest has been stimulated in understanding the relationship between different types of dietary carbohydrate and appetite regulation, body weight and body composition. The present article reviews the conclusions from recent reviews and meta-analyses on the effects of different starches and sugars on body weight management and metabolic disturbances, and provides an update of the most recent studies on this topic. From the literature reviewed in this paper, potential beneficial effects of intake of starchy foods, especially those containing slowly-digestible and resistant starches, and potential detrimental effects of high intakes of fructose become apparent. This supports the intake of whole grains, legumes and vegetables, which contain more appropriate sources of carbohydrates associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, rather than foods rich in sugars, especially in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages.
肥胖症的流行率不断上升，不仅在成年人中，而且在儿童和青少年中也是如此，这是发达国家和发展中国家最重要的公共卫生问题之一。作为解决肥胖问题的一种可能方法，人们对不同类型的膳食碳水化合物与食欲调节、体重和身体成分之间的关系产生了极大的兴趣。本文综述了最近关于不同淀粉和糖对体重管理和代谢紊乱影响的综述和荟萃分析的结论，并提供了该主题的最新研究更新。从本文综述的文献中，可以明显看出摄入淀粉类食物（特别是含有缓慢消化和抗性淀粉的食物）的潜在有益效果，以及大量摄入果糖的潜在有害影响。这支持摄入富含碳水化合物的全谷物、豆类和蔬菜，因为这些食物与降低心血管疾病和其他慢性疾病的风险有关，而不是富含糖的食物，尤其是以含糖饮料的形式。
