Kurumatani N, Kirita T, Zheng Y, Sugimura M, Yonemasu K
Department of Public Health, Nara Medical University, Japan.
J Epidemiol. 1999 Feb;9(1):46-52. doi: 10.2188/jea.9.46.
Mortality data of oral cancer over 40 years in Japan were analyzed to investigate time trends of the disease site-specifically and discuss the relation between these trends and the changing patterns of consumption of tobacco and alcohol beverages. Mortality rates were adjusted to the world standard population. In the males, overall oral cancer (ICD-9: 141-149) mortality rates have increased consistently from the lowest value of 1.25 (per 100,000 per year) in 1956 to 2.40 in 1992. The rates for females were constantly lower than those for males, and formed a modest peak of 0.96 in 1979. Regarding site-specific mortality rates, tongue cancer (141) presented a decreasing trend, while oro/hypopharyngeal (146, 148) and mouth (143-145) cancers showed increasing patterns, particularly in males. When the changing patterns of male truncated rates for ages 35-64 were compared with those of the annual consumption of cigarette and alcohol per capita, the time trend of oro/hypopharyngeal cancer mortality was analogous to cigarette consumption rather than to alcohol consumption, mouth cancer vice versa, and tongue cancer was not related to tobacco or alcohol consumption. The present findings suggest that tobacco and alcohol have different site-specific effects on the development of cancers within the oral cavity and pharynx.
分析了日本40年来口腔癌的死亡率数据，以按疾病部位调查时间趋势，并探讨这些趋势与烟草和酒精饮料消费变化模式之间的关系。死亡率根据世界标准人口进行了调整。在男性中，总体口腔癌（国际疾病分类第九版：141 - 149）死亡率从1956年的最低值1.25（每年每10万人）持续上升至1992年的2.40。女性的死亡率一直低于男性，并在1979年形成了0.96的适度峰值。关于特定部位的死亡率，舌癌（141）呈下降趋势，而口咽/下咽癌（146、148）和口腔癌（143 - 145）呈上升趋势，尤其是在男性中。当比较35 - 64岁男性截缩率的变化模式与人均香烟和酒精年消费量的变化模式时，口咽/下咽癌死亡率的时间趋势与香烟消费类似，而非与酒精消费类似；口腔癌则相反；舌癌与烟草或酒精消费无关。目前的研究结果表明，烟草和酒精对口腔和咽癌的发生具有不同的部位特异性影响。
