Ide R, Mizoue T, Fujino Y, Hoshiyama Y, Sakata K, Tamakoshi A, Yoshimura T
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyusyu, Japan.
Oral Dis. 2008 May;14(4):314-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01378.x.
To prospectively examine the association of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking with oral and pharyngeal carcinogenesis, we analyzed data from a nation-wide large-scale cohort study in Japan.
A total of 34 136 men and 43 711 women aged 40-79 years were included in the study. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of oral and pharyngeal cancer for smoking and drinking by sex, while adjusting for age, consumption of green tea, preference for salty foods, and consumption of green yellow vegetables.
Current smokers were found to have a higher risk of death caused by oral and pharyngeal cancer compared with non-smokers in both sexes: the RR was 2.6 (95% CI: 1.0-6.7) in men and 8.2 (95% CI: 2.1-32.1) in women. Men who drank more than 46 g ethanol per day had an approximately threefold increased risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Simultaneous exposure to both factors was significantly associated with an elevated risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer (RR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.1-9.6).
The result supports the carcinogenic effect of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking on the oral cavity and pharynx.
为前瞻性研究吸烟和饮酒与口腔及咽癌发生的关联，我们分析了日本一项全国性大规模队列研究的数据。
该研究纳入了34136名年龄在40 - 79岁的男性和43711名年龄在40 - 79岁的女性。采用Cox比例风险模型，在调整年龄、绿茶摄入量、对咸味食物的偏好以及黄绿色蔬菜摄入量的同时，按性别估计吸烟和饮酒导致口腔及咽癌的相对风险（RR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。
发现当前吸烟者与非吸烟者相比，患口腔及咽癌死亡的风险更高，在男性和女性中均如此：男性的RR为2.6（95%CI：1.0 - 6.7），女性的RR为8.2（95%CI：2.1 - 32.1）。每天饮用超过46克乙醇的男性患口腔及咽癌的风险增加约三倍。同时暴露于这两个因素与口腔及咽癌风险升高显著相关（RR：3.3，95%CI：1.1 - 9.6）。
该结果支持吸烟和饮酒对口腔和咽部的致癌作用。
