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制药行业在做什么,以及制药行业希望从动物科学系得到什么?

What is the pharmaceutical industry doing, and what does the pharmaceutical industry want from animal science departments?

作者信息

Lauderdale J W

机构信息

Pharmacia & Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI 49001-0199, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1999 Feb;77(2):367-71. doi: 10.2527/1999.772367x.

Abstract

Perceived contemporary issues are 1) food safety and food healthfulness, 2) environment, 3) sustainability, 4) biotechnology, 5) animal well-being, 6) animals as food, and 7) research funding. Food safety is the paramount contemporary issue, and environment and sustainability issues can be considered as a single issue. Biotechnology, animal well-being, and animals as food are addressed in this paper as separate issues, but they can be considered as components of food safety and healthfulness. The pharmaceutical industry addresses these issues by providing safe and effective products to the livestock industry. These products are used to treat and prevent disease and to increase livestock production efficiency. These products contribute to a safe food supply, enhance protection of the environment, and increase the sustainability of animal agriculture through increased efficiency of livestock production. The pharmaceutical industry wants the following from animal science departments: 1) students skilled in deductive and inductive thinking and communicating to peers and the public; 2) regional research on food safety, such as irradiation, steaming of carcasses, E. coli contamination, antibiotic resistance, production facilities, and carcass contamination; 3) improved research to identify the food values of animal products and effective communication of that research to the public; 4) research on topics having the greatest potential to increase efficiency of animal production consistent with a positive impact on the environment and sustainability of animal production; 5) leadership in developing and using technologies such as biotechnology, not only as descriptors of biological processes, but as technologies to test hypotheses leading to new understandings of biology; 6) research on animal well-being and production facilities that foster animal well-being; 7) research and education on ethical and moral aspects of animals as food through encouragement of one or more staff members to become effective animal science department spokespersons; and 8) active participation in activities such as FAIR 95, Federation of Animal Science Societies, and multidepartmental and(or) interdisciplinary programs.

摘要

当前人们关注的问题有

1)食品安全与食品健康;2)环境;3)可持续性;4)生物技术;5)动物福利;6)动物作为食物;7)研究资金。食品安全是当前最为重要的问题,环境与可持续性问题可被视为一个单一问题。本文将生物技术、动物福利以及动物作为食物作为单独的问题进行探讨,但它们也可被视为食品安全与健康的组成部分。制药行业通过向畜牧业提供安全有效的产品来应对这些问题。这些产品用于治疗和预防疾病,并提高畜牧生产效率。这些产品有助于保障食品安全供应,加强环境保护,并通过提高畜牧生产效率来增强动物农业的可持续性。制药行业希望动物科学系能够做到以下几点:1)培养具备演绎和归纳思维能力、能够与同行及公众进行沟通的学生;2)开展食品安全方面的区域研究,如辐照、胴体蒸煮、大肠杆菌污染、抗生素耐药性、生产设施以及胴体污染等;3)改进研究以确定动物产品的营养价值,并将该研究成果有效地传达给公众;4)开展对提高动物生产效率最具潜力的课题研究,同时要对动物生产的环境和可持续性产生积极影响;5)在开发和应用生物技术等技术方面发挥引领作用,不仅要将其作为生物过程的描述手段,还要作为检验假设以促成对生物学新认识的技术;6)研究动物福利以及有助于促进动物福利的生产设施;7)通过鼓励一名或多名工作人员成为动物科学系有效的发言人,开展关于动物作为食物的伦理和道德方面的研究与教育;8)积极参与诸如95年国际农业与食品工业展览会、动物科学学会联合会以及多部门和(或)跨学科项目等活动。

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