Heath A C, Eaves L J, Kirk K M, Martin N G
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Twin Res. 1998 Dec;1(4):176-88. doi: 10.1375/136905298320566140.
The effects on sleep pattern ('short-sleep' versus 'long-sleep') and subjective sleep disturbance of genotype, personality, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and lifestyle, were examined using survey data on a clinically unselected sample of adult Australian twin pairs, aged 17-88 years. When the effects of genotype, personality and symptoms were ignored, lifestyle variables appeared to account for roughly 4% of the variance in sleep disturbance, and 9% of the variance in sleep pattern. Significant genetic effects on sleep disturbance and sleep pattern were found, which were only partly explained by the effects of personality and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Much of the association between sleep disturbance and lifestyle appeared to be explained by separate effects of personality and symptoms of anxiety and depression on sleep and lifestyle ('genotype-risk-factor correlation'). There was little evidence for genetically determined differences in sensitivity to the lifestyle variables ('genotype x risk-factor interaction').
利用对年龄在17 - 88岁的澳大利亚成年双胞胎非临床选择样本的调查数据，研究了基因型、人格、焦虑和抑郁症状以及生活方式对睡眠模式（“短睡眠”与“长睡眠”）和主观睡眠障碍的影响。当忽略基因型、人格和症状的影响时，生活方式变量似乎解释了睡眠障碍中约4%的方差以及睡眠模式中9%的方差。研究发现了对睡眠障碍和睡眠模式的显著遗传效应，而人格以及焦虑和抑郁症状的影响仅部分解释了这些效应。睡眠障碍与生活方式之间的许多关联似乎是由人格以及焦虑和抑郁症状对睡眠和生活方式的单独影响所解释的（“基因型 - 风险因素相关性”）。几乎没有证据表明存在对生活方式变量敏感性的基因决定差异（“基因型×风险因素相互作用”）。
