Steckler A, Goodman R M, McLeroy K R, Davis S, Koch G
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599.
Am J Health Promot. 1992 Jan-Feb;6(3):214-24. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-6.3.214.
Once a health promotion program has proven to be effective in one or two initial settings, attempts may be made to transfer the program to new settings. One way to conceptualize the transference of health promotion programs from one locale to another is by considering the programs to be innovations that are being diffused. In this way, diffusion of innovation theory can be applied to guide the process of program transference. This article reports on the development of six questionnaires to measure the extent to which health promotion programs are successfully disseminated: Organizational Climate, Awareness-Concern, Rogers's Adoption Variables, Level of Use, Level of Success, and Level of Institutionalization. The instruments are being successfully used in a study of the diffusion of health promotion/tobacco prevention curricula to junior high schools in North Carolina. The instruments, which measure the four steps of the diffusion process, have construct validity since they were developed within existing theories and are derived from the work of previous researchers. No previous research has attempted to use instruments like these to measure sequentially the stages of the diffusion process.
一旦一项健康促进项目在一两个初始环境中被证明是有效的，就可能会尝试将该项目转移到新的环境中。将健康促进项目从一个地方转移到另一个地方的一种概念化方法是将这些项目视为正在传播的创新。通过这种方式，创新扩散理论可以应用于指导项目转移的过程。本文报告了六份问卷的开发情况，这些问卷用于衡量健康促进项目成功传播的程度：组织氛围、认知关注、罗杰斯的采用变量、使用水平、成功水平和制度化水平。这些工具正在成功地用于一项关于健康促进/烟草预防课程向北卡罗来纳州初中扩散的研究中。这些测量扩散过程四个步骤的工具具有结构效度，因为它们是在现有理论的基础上开发的，并且源自先前研究人员的工作。以前没有研究尝试使用这样的工具来依次测量扩散过程的各个阶段。
