Workforce readiness for pharmacogenomics and key elements for sustainment within the Veterans Health Administration.

Understanding barriers and facilitators to pharmacogenomics (PGx) implementation and how to structure a clinical program with the Veterans Health Administration (VA). Healthcare provider (HCP) survey at 20 VA facilities assessing PGx knowledge/acceptance and qualitative interviews to understand how best to design and sustain a national program. 186 (12% response rate) surveyed believed PGx informs drug efficacy (74.7%) and adverse events (71.0%). Low confidence in knowledge (43.0%) and ability to implement (35.4-43.5%). 23 (60.5% response rate) interviewees supported a nationally program to oversee VA education, consultation and IT resources. Prescribing HCPs should be directing local activities. HCPs recognize PGx value but are not prepared to implement. Healthcare systems should build system-wide programs for implementation education and support.