Peek-Asa C, McArthur D L, Kraus J F
Southern California Injury Prevention Research Center, UCLA School of Public Health 90095-1772, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 1999 May;31(3):229-33. doi: 10.1016/s0001-4575(98)00071-2.
This study examined the prevalence of non-standard helmet use among motorcycle riders following introduction of a mandatory helmet use law and the prevalence of head injuries among a sample of non-standard helmet users involved in motorcycle crashes.
Motorcycle rider observations were conducted at 29 statewide locations in the 2 years following the introduction of the mandatory helmet use law in January, 1992. Medical records of motorcyclists who were injured in 1992 for whom a crash report was available and for whom medical care was administered in one of 28 hospitals were reviewed. Chi-squares and analysis of variance were used to describe differences between groups.
Prevalence of non-standard helmet use averaged 10.2%, with a range across observation sites from 0 to 48.0%. Non-standard helmet use varied by type of roadway, day of week, and time of day. Injuries to the head were more frequent and of greater severity among those wearing non-standard helmets than both those wearing no helmet and those wearing standard helmets.
Non-standard helmets appear to offer little head protection during a crash. Future study is needed to understand the dynamics leading to head injury when different types of helmets are worn.
本研究调查了强制使用头盔法律实施后摩托车骑行者中使用非标准头盔的流行情况，以及涉及摩托车事故的非标准头盔使用者样本中的头部受伤流行情况。
在1992年1月实施强制使用头盔法律后的两年内，在该州29个地点对摩托车骑行者进行了观察。回顾了1992年受伤且有事故报告、并在28家医院之一接受治疗的摩托车手的医疗记录。采用卡方检验和方差分析来描述组间差异。
非标准头盔的使用流行率平均为10.2%，各观察地点的范围为0至48.0%。非标准头盔的使用因道路类型、星期几和一天中的时间而异。与不戴头盔和戴标准头盔的人相比，戴非标准头盔的人头部受伤更频繁且更严重。
非标准头盔在事故中似乎几乎不能提供头部保护。未来需要开展研究，以了解佩戴不同类型头盔时导致头部受伤的动态过程。
