1984 - 1997年美国高中高年级学生酒驾情况
Drinking and driving among US high school seniors, 1984-1997.
作者信息
O'Malley P M, Johnston L D
机构信息
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48106-1248, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1999 May;89(5):678-84. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.5.678.
OBJECTIVES
This article reports the prevalence of, and trends in, driving after drinking and riding in a car with a driver who has been drinking among American high school seniors, based on data from more than a decade (1984-1997) of annual national surveys.
METHODS
Logistic regressions were used to assess the effects of demographic factors (gender, region of country, population density, parental education, and race/ethnicity) and selected "lifestyle" factors (religious commitment, high school grades, truancy, illicit drug use, evenings out per week, and miles driven per week).
RESULTS
Rates of adolescent driving after drinking and riding with a driver who had been drinking declined significantly from the mid-1980s to the early or mid-1990s, but the declines have not continued in recent years. Rates of driving or riding after drinking were higher among high school seniors who are male. White, living in the western and northeastern regions of the United States, and living in rural areas. Truancy, number of evenings out, and illicit drug use all related significantly positively with the dependent variables, whereas grade point average and religious commitment had a negative relationship. Miles driven per week related positively to driving after drinking.
目的
本文基于十多年（1984 - 1997年）全国年度调查数据，报告美国高中高年级学生酒后驾车以及乘坐酒驾司机驾驶车辆的情况及趋势。
方法
采用逻辑回归分析来评估人口统计学因素（性别、国家地区、人口密度、父母教育程度以及种族/民族）和选定的“生活方式”因素（宗教信仰、高中成绩、逃学、非法药物使用、每周外出次数以及每周驾驶里程）的影响。
结果
从20世纪80年代中期到90年代初或中期，青少年酒后驾车以及乘坐酒驾司机驾驶车辆的比率显著下降，但近年来这种下降趋势并未持续。男性、白人、居住在美国西部和东北部地区以及农村地区的高中高年级学生酒后驾车或乘车的比率更高。逃学、每周外出次数和非法药物使用均与因变量呈显著正相关，而平均绩点和宗教信仰则呈负相关。每周驾驶里程与酒后驾车呈正相关。
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