Marsh R L, Bink M L, Hicks J L
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-3013, USA.
Mem Cognit. 1999 Mar;27(2):355-63. doi: 10.3758/bf03211419.
Three experiments explored how participants solved a very open-ended generative problem-solving task. Previous research has shown that when participants are shown examples, novel creations will tend to conform to features shared across those examples (Smith, Ward, & Schumacher, 1993). We made the shared features of the examples conceptually related to one another. We found that when the features were related to the concept of hostility, participants' creations contained hostile features that were not part of any of the examples. These results suggest that participants will design novel entities to be consistent with emergent properties of examples shown to them. We also found that a mild hostility prime from unscrambling sentences had a similar conceptual effect. Together, the two effects suggest that conceptual priming of generative cognitive tasks will influence the cognitive aspects of the creative process.
三项实验探究了参与者如何解决一个非常开放式的生成性问题解决任务。先前的研究表明，当向参与者展示示例时，新颖的创作往往会符合这些示例中共享的特征（史密斯、沃德和舒马赫，1993年）。我们使示例的共享特征在概念上相互关联。我们发现，当这些特征与敌意概念相关时，参与者的创作包含了不属于任何示例的敌意特征。这些结果表明，参与者会设计新颖的实体，使其与向他们展示的示例的涌现属性相一致。我们还发现，通过整理句子进行的轻度敌意启动具有类似的概念效果。这两种效果共同表明，生成性认知任务的概念启动将影响创作过程的认知方面。
