Calnan M, Johnson B
Sociol Health Illn. 1985 Mar;7(1):55-75. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.ep10831360.
Recent theoretical and empirical research has highlighted the importance of understanding the relationship between social structure and health beliefs. The empirical study described here explores the relationships between occupational social class and two dimensions of health beliefs which were concepts of health and perception of vulnerability to disease. Both the dimensions are claimed to be associated with decisions to carry out health behaviour and thus one of the aims was to shed some light on the social class gradient in patterns of preventive health behaviour and risk-taking behaviour. The findings showed a more marked social class differentiation in concepts of health when they were defined in the abstract compared with when they were defined in relation to personal health. The concept of personal vulnerability itself was shown to be problematic and theories about vulnerability were similar for both classes. Explanations for the findings are discussed.
近期的理论和实证研究强调了理解社会结构与健康观念之间关系的重要性。此处所描述的实证研究探讨了职业社会阶层与健康观念的两个维度之间的关系，这两个维度分别是健康概念和对疾病易感性的认知。据称这两个维度都与实施健康行为的决策相关，因此目标之一是阐明预防性健康行为和冒险行为模式中的社会阶层梯度。研究结果表明，与根据个人健康来定义健康概念相比，当健康概念在抽象层面被定义时，社会阶层差异更为显著。个人易感性概念本身被证明存在问题，且两个阶层关于易感性的理论相似。文中对研究结果的解释进行了讨论。
