Takai K, Inoue A, Horikoshi K
Deep-sea Micro-organisms Research Group (DEEPSTAR), Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan.
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1999 Apr;49 Pt 2:619-28. doi: 10.1099/00207713-49-2-619.
A novel extremely thermophilic bacterium was isolated from the world's deepest sea-floor, the Mariana Trench Challenger Deep at a depth of 10,897 m. Cells were Gram-reaction variable, non-spore-forming and non-motile rods without flagella. Growth was observed between 50 and 80 degrees C (optimum: 74-76 degrees C; 90 min doubling time), pH 5.4 and 9.5 (optimum: pH 7.0-7.5) and 0.5 and 5% sea salts (optimum: 2% sea salts). The isolate was a strictly aerobic heterotroph capable of utilizing as sole energy and carbon source: yeast extract, peptone, cellulose, starch, chitin, casein, Casamino acids, a variety of sugars, carboxylic acids and amino acids. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 72.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences placed this aerobic, high-G + C-content bacterium among the members of the Gram-positive, low-G + C-content anaerobic thermophilic bacteria within the Bacillus-Clostridium subphylum. On the basis of the physiological and molecular properties of the new isolate, the name Thermaerobacter marianensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain 7p75aT = JCM 10246T) is proposed.
从世界最深的海底——深度达10897米的马里亚纳海沟挑战者深渊中分离出一种新型嗜热细菌。细胞革兰氏反应可变，不形成芽孢，无鞭毛，为非运动性杆菌。在50至80摄氏度（最适温度：74 - 76摄氏度；倍增时间90分钟）、pH值5.4至9.5（最适pH值：7.0 - 7.5）以及0.5%至5%海盐（最适：2%海盐）条件下可观察到生长。该分离株是严格需氧异养菌，能够利用以下物质作为唯一能量和碳源：酵母提取物、蛋白胨、纤维素、淀粉、几丁质、酪蛋白、酪蛋白氨基酸、多种糖类、羧酸和氨基酸。基因组DNA的G + C含量为72.5摩尔%。基于16S rRNA序列的系统发育分析将这种需氧、高G + C含量的细菌置于芽孢杆菌 - 梭菌亚门中革兰氏阳性、低G + C含量厌氧嗜热细菌成员之间。根据新分离株的生理和分子特性，提出新属名Thermaerobacter marianensis gen. nov., sp. nov.（模式菌株7p75aT = JCM 10246T）。
