Pikuta Elena V, Hoover Richard B, Marsic Damien, Whitman William B, Lupa Boguslaw, Tang Jane, Krader Paul
NASA/NSSTC, Astrobiology Laboratory, 320 Sparkman Drive, Room 4247, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2009 Sep;59(Pt 9):2302-7. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.002816-0. Epub 2009 Jul 20.
A novel, obligately anaerobic, psychrotolerant bacterium, designated strain PPP2T, was isolated from guano of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) in Chilean Patagonia. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, straight rods (0.7-0.8x3.0-5.0 microm) that were motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Growth was observed at pH 6.7-9.7 (optimum pH 8.3) and 2-37 degrees C (optimum 29 degrees C). Growth was observed between 0 and 4% (w/v) NaCl with optimum growth at 0.5% (w/v). Strain PPP2T was a catalase-negative chemo-organoheterotroph that was capable of fermentative metabolism. Peptone, bacto-tryptone, Casamino acids, oxalate, starch, chitin and yeast extract were utilized as substrates. The major metabolic products were acetate, butyrate and ethanol. Strain PPP2T was resistant to ampicillin, but sensitive to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, kanamycin, vancomycin and gentamicin. The DNA G+C content of strain PPP2T was 39.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain PPP2T was related most closely to Clostridium sticklandii SR (approximately 90% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic characteristics, strain PPP2T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Proteocatella sphenisci gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Proteocatella sphenisci is PPP2T (=ATCC BAA-755T=JCM 12175T=CIP 108034T).
从智利巴塔哥尼亚麦哲伦企鹅（Spheniscus magellanicus）的鸟粪中分离出一种新型专性厌氧耐冷细菌，命名为菌株PPP2T。细胞革兰氏染色阳性，形成芽孢，为直杆状（0.7 - 0.8×3.0 - 5.0微米），借助周生鞭毛运动。在pH 6.7 - 9.7（最适pH 8.3）和2 - 37℃（最适29℃）条件下可观察到生长。在0至4%（w/v）NaCl之间可观察到生长，最适生长NaCl浓度为0.5%（w/v）。菌株PPP2T是过氧化氢酶阴性的化能有机异养菌，能够进行发酵代谢。蛋白胨、胰蛋白胨、酪蛋白氨基酸、草酸盐、淀粉、几丁质和酵母提取物可用作底物。主要代谢产物为乙酸盐、丁酸盐和乙醇。菌株PPP2T对氨苄青霉素耐药，但对四环素、氯霉素、利福平、卡那霉素、万古霉素和庆大霉素敏感。菌株PPP2T的DNA G + C含量为39.5 mol%。系统发育分析表明，菌株PPP2T与斯氏梭菌SR关系最为密切（16S rRNA基因序列相似性约为90%）。基于系统发育分析和表型特征，菌株PPP2T被认为代表一个新属的新物种，为此提出新属名Proteocatella sphenisci gen. nov.，新种名Proteocatella sphenisci sp. nov.。Proteocatella sphenisci的模式菌株为PPP2T（=ATCC BAA - 755T=JCM 12175T=CIP 108034T）。
