Groslambert A, Candau R, Hoffman M D, Bardy B, Rouillon J D
Laboratoire des Sciences du Sport, UFRSTAPS de Besançon, France.
Int J Sports Med. 1999 Apr;20(3):179-82. doi: 10.1055/s-1999-970286.
The aim of this study was to validate three simple tests of biathlon shooting abilities. Twelve expert biathletes performed visual reaction time tests adapted for the rifle in the standing (RT-S) and prone positions (RT-P), and a tremometer test adapted for the rifle in the standing position (TT-S). Six consecutive days' measurements showed an acceptable reproducibility for these tests (coefficient of variation = 1.2% for RT-S, 1.1% for RT-P and 6.5% for TT-S). A significant difference was observed between TT-S at rest and after roller skiing 2.1 km at 90 % of maximal heart rate. This finding demonstrates the sensitivity of TT-S to discriminate the effects of fatigue on postural control. Among 24 biathletes of regional to expert level, significant correlations were observed between resting RT-P and prone shooting performance after roller skiing (r2 = 0.23; p = 0.01) and between resting TT-S and shooting performance in the standing position after roller skiing (r2 = 0.68; p = 0.0001), demonstrating the specificity of these tests. From these results, we conclude that TT-S is a valid field test of biathlon shooting performance.
本研究的目的是验证三项简单的冬季两项射击能力测试。12名专业冬季两项运动员进行了针对站立姿势（RT-S）和俯卧姿势（RT-P）的步枪视觉反应时间测试，以及针对站立姿势的步枪震颤计测试（TT-S）。连续六天的测量结果显示这些测试具有可接受的重复性（RT-S的变异系数 = 1.2%，RT-P的变异系数 = 1.1%，TT-S的变异系数 = 6.5%）。在静息状态下的TT-S与以最大心率的90%进行2.1公里越野滑雪后的TT-S之间观察到显著差异。这一发现证明了TT-S在区分疲劳对姿势控制影响方面的敏感性。在24名地区级到专业级别的冬季两项运动员中，观察到静息RT-P与越野滑雪后的俯卧射击成绩之间存在显著相关性（r2 = 0.23；p = 0.01），以及静息TT-S与越野滑雪后的站立射击成绩之间存在显著相关性（r2 = 0.68；p = 0.0001），证明了这些测试的特异性。根据这些结果，我们得出结论，TT-S是一项有效的冬季两项射击成绩现场测试。
