a Department of Physiology , Institute of Sport - National Research Institute , Warsaw , Poland.
b Department of Physical Culture and Health Promotion , University of Szczecin , Szczecin , Poland.
J Sports Sci. 2019 Aug;37(16):1892-1898. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1603136. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of maximal specific physical effort on postural balance and rifle stability in biathletes in a standing shooting position. The study included 10 junior elite biathletes. The measurements were taken with the Vicon system and AMTI force platform. Postural balance and rifle stability characteristics were determined at rest as well as 1 and 5 min post maximal specific physical effort which was performed on a ski ergometer and continued until exhaustion. Maximal physical effort exerted a significant effect on all examined postural sway and rifle sway characteristics. The duration of the post-exercise changes was longer than 5 minutes. Higher post-effort rifle sway was observed in the vertical direction than in the across the shooting line direction. Post-effort postural balance impairment in the shooting line was much greater than in the across the shooting line direction. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between postural balance and rifle stability. Maximal physical effort influenced postural balance and rifle stability during aiming. Rifle sway during aiming in a standing shooting position seems to be coordinated with the postural sway of the biathlete's body. Thus, an increase in postural sway contributes to greater sway and lesser stability of the rifle.
本研究旨在评估最大特定体力努力对站射姿势中冬季两项运动员姿势平衡和步枪稳定性的影响。研究纳入 10 名初级精英冬季两项运动员。使用 Vicon 系统和 AMTI 力台进行测量。在休息时以及最大特定体力努力后 1 分钟和 5 分钟时测量姿势平衡和步枪稳定性特征，最大特定体力努力在滑雪测功仪上进行，直至力竭。最大体力努力对所有检查的姿势摆动和步枪摆动特征均有显著影响。运动后的变化持续时间超过 5 分钟。在垂直方向上，射击线方向上的后努力步枪摆动比在射击线方向上的摆动大。在射击线方向上的姿势平衡后努力损伤比在射击线方向上的大得多。此外，还发现姿势平衡和步枪稳定性之间存在很强的相关性。最大体力努力在瞄准过程中影响姿势平衡和步枪稳定性。站射姿势中的瞄准过程中步枪摆动似乎与冬季两项运动员身体的姿势摆动协调一致。因此，姿势摆动的增加会导致步枪的摆动更大，稳定性更差。
