Peterson B S, Skudlarski P, Gatenby J C, Zhang H, Anderson A W, Gore J C
Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 1999 May 15;45(10):1237-58. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00056-6.
The goal of this study was to model the functional connectivity of the neural systems that subserve attention and impulse control. Proper performance of the Stroop Word-Color Interference Task requires both attention and impulse control.
Word-color interference was studied in 34 normal adult subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Interregional correlation analyses suggested that the anterior cingulate is coupled functionally with multiple regions throughout the cerebrum. A factor analysis of the significant regional activations further emphasized this functional coupling. The cingulate or related mesial frontal cortices loaded on each of the seven factors identified in the factor analysis. Other regions that loaded significantly on these factors have been described previously as belonging to anatomically connected circuits believed to subserve sensory tuning, receptive language, vigilance, working memory, response selection, motor planning, and motor response functions. These seven factors appeared to be oriented topographically within the anterior cingulate, with sensory, working memory, and vigilance functions positioned more rostrally, and response selection, motor planning, and motor response positioned progressively more caudally.
These findings support a parallel distributed processing model for word-color interference in which portions of the anterior cingulate cortex modify the strengths of multiple neural pathways used to read and name colors. Allocation of attentional resources is thought to modify pathway strengths by reducing cross-talk between information processing modules that subserve the competing demands of reading and color naming. The functional topography of these neural systems observed within the cingulate argues for the presence of multiple attentional subsystems, each contributing to improved task performance. The topography also suggests a role for the cingulate in coordinating and integrating the activity of these multiple attentional subsystems.
本研究的目的是建立有助于注意力和冲动控制的神经系统功能连接模型。Stroop词色干扰任务的正确执行需要注意力和冲动控制。
使用功能磁共振成像对34名正常成年受试者进行词色干扰研究。
区域间相关性分析表明，前扣带回在功能上与大脑中的多个区域相连。对显著区域激活进行的因子分析进一步强调了这种功能连接。扣带回或相关的内侧额叶皮质在因子分析中确定的七个因子中的每一个上都有载荷。在这些因子上有显著载荷的其他区域先前已被描述为属于解剖学上相连的回路，据信这些回路有助于感觉调节、接受性语言、警觉、工作记忆、反应选择、运动计划和运动反应功能。这七个因子似乎在前扣带内按地形排列，感觉、工作记忆和警觉功能位于更靠前的位置，而反应选择、运动计划和运动反应则逐渐位于更靠后的位置。
这些发现支持了词色干扰的并行分布式处理模型，其中前扣带回皮质的部分区域改变了用于读取和命名颜色的多个神经通路的强度。注意力资源的分配被认为是通过减少服务于阅读和颜色命名竞争需求的信息处理模块之间的串扰来改变通路强度。在扣带内观察到的这些神经系统的功能地形表明存在多个注意力子系统，每个子系统都有助于提高任务表现。这种地形还表明扣带在协调和整合这些多个注意力子系统的活动方面发挥作用。
