Goldman H, Skelley E B, Sandman C A, Kastin A J, Murphy S
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1976;5(Suppl 1):165-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(76)90347-6.
Acute effects of the hormones, estradiol-17beta and alphaMSH, and of neonatal pretreatment with alphaMSH on the flow of blood to regions of the brains of conscious adult rats have been determined with an indicator distribution technique. As previously reported, flows were reduced in most areas within 10 min after intravenous administration of alphaMSH; only the occipital cortex was spared. Though these effects were transitroy for most areas, perfusion of pons and medulla, cerebellum, hippocampus and parietal cortex was still low by 20 min. However, pretreatment with alphaMSH during infancy led to persistent behavioral changes which were not accompanied by flow differences. Assuming that flow changes reflect functional changes, the rapid responses to alphaMSH suggest an explanation for the effects of this hormone on visual learning and on the determination of subsequent learning behavior. By contrast, estradiol, within 10 min after injection, increased flow to most regions of the brain, especially the frontal cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglia and cerebellum; females were more affected than males. Flow changes were greater than those elicited by more obvious behavior-modifying drugs. Compared to alphaMSH, the flow data for estradiol suggest a physiologic basis for a behavioral effect which is likely to be different yet, perhaps, equally profound.
采用指示剂分布技术测定了激素雌二醇 - 17β和α - 促黑素（αMSH）以及新生大鼠用αMSH预处理对成年清醒大鼠脑区血流的急性影响。如先前报道，静脉注射αMSH后10分钟内，大多数区域的血流减少；只有枕叶皮质未受影响。尽管这些影响对大多数区域来说是短暂的，但到20分钟时，脑桥、延髓、小脑、海马体和顶叶皮质的灌注仍较低。然而，幼年时用αMSH预处理会导致持续的行为变化，且这些变化并未伴随血流差异。假设血流变化反映功能变化，那么对αMSH的快速反应为该激素对视觉学习及后续学习行为的影响提供了解释。相比之下，注射雌二醇后10分钟内，脑的大多数区域血流增加，尤其是额叶皮质、海马体、基底神经节和小脑；雌性比雄性受影响更大。血流变化比那些更明显的行为改变药物引起的变化更大。与αMSH相比，雌二醇的血流数据表明其行为效应有生理基础，这种效应可能不同但或许同样深刻。
