Palli D, Decarli A, Russo A, Cipriani F, Giacosa A, Amadori D, Salkeld R, Salvini S, Buiatti E
Analytical Epidemiology Section, CSPO, A.O. CAREGGI, Florence, Italy.
Eur J Nutr. 1999 Apr;38(2):90-8. doi: 10.1007/s003940050049.
In a population-based multicenter case-control study of diet, life-style, and gastric cancer a large series of adults, aged 30-75 years (mean 58.9 years), were randomly sampled from the general population in 3 areas of Central-Northern Italy.
To evaluate the relationship between plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins and cholesterol, and sociodemographic characteristics, life-style factors, and dietary intake of selected nutrients in a sample of the Italian population.
A fasting blood sample was available for 945 subjects (553 men, 392 women). The plasma concentrations of ascorbic acid, carotene, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and cholesterol were determined by a centralized laboratory. All participants answered to a detailed questionnaire collecting information on sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, smoking, alcohol drinking, and dietary habits. Covariance analysis models, with post hoc Dunnett tests, including terms for age, sex, study center, and period of blood drawing, were used for selected multiple-way comparisons of mean values of plasma nutrients.
Mean plasma values of retinol were higher among men while women had higher levels of plasma carotene, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, and cholesterol. Plasma carotene levels showed an inverse association with body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking and a positive association with social class. Carotene concentrations were higher in plasma samples obtained in spring/summer, while ascorbic acid levels were higher in autumn/winter. Partial correlation co-efficients between plasma vitamin levels showed a strong correlation between carotene and ascorbic acid (0.69 in men; 0.74 in women), between carotene and alpha-tocopherol (0.44; 0.37), and between alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid (0.45; 0.41). Plasma alpha-tocopherol and retinol correlated with plasma cholesterol. On the other hand, plasma carotene and ascorbic acid were correlated with their estimated dietary intakes, while the intakes of other nutrients, as expected, correlated rather poorly with the respective plasma concentrations.
Socio-economic factors, life-style, and specific nutrient intake, in addition to gender, are related to nutrient plasma levels in Italian adults and may provide specific suggestions for the prevention of chronic diseases.
在一项基于人群的饮食、生活方式与胃癌的多中心病例对照研究中，从意大利中北部3个地区的普通人群中随机抽取了大量年龄在30 - 75岁（平均58.9岁）的成年人。
评估意大利人群样本中抗氧化维生素和胆固醇的血浆水平与社会人口学特征、生活方式因素以及特定营养素的饮食摄入量之间的关系。
945名受试者（553名男性，392名女性）提供了空腹血样。血浆中抗坏血酸、胡萝卜素、视黄醇、α - 生育酚和胆固醇的浓度由一个中央实验室测定。所有参与者都回答了一份详细问卷，收集有关社会人口学和人体测量学特征、吸烟、饮酒及饮食习惯的信息。采用协方差分析模型及事后Dunnett检验，模型包含年龄、性别、研究中心和采血时间等因素，用于对血浆营养素平均值进行特定的多因素比较。
男性的视黄醇血浆平均值较高，而女性的血浆胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸、α - 生育酚和胆固醇水平较高。血浆胡萝卜素水平与体重指数、饮酒量和吸烟呈负相关，与社会阶层呈正相关。春季/夏季采集的血浆样本中胡萝卜素浓度较高，而秋季/冬季抗坏血酸水平较高。血浆维生素水平之间的偏相关系数显示，胡萝卜素与抗坏血酸之间存在强相关性（男性为0.69；女性为0.74），胡萝卜素与α - 生育酚之间存在相关性（0.44；0.37），α - 生育酚与抗坏血酸之间存在相关性（0.45；0.41）。血浆α - 生育酚和视黄醇与血浆胆固醇相关。另一方面，血浆胡萝卜素和抗坏血酸与其估计的饮食摄入量相关，而其他营养素的摄入量与各自的血浆浓度相关性较差，正如预期的那样。
除性别外，社会经济因素、生活方式和特定营养素摄入量与意大利成年人的血浆营养素水平相关，可能为慢性病的预防提供具体建议。
