青蒿素类药物治疗疟疾：从草药到注册药品

Artemisinin drugs in the treatment of malaria: from medicinal herb to registered medication.

作者信息

van Agtmael M A, Eggelte T A, van Boxtel C J

机构信息

Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1999 May;20(5):199-205. doi: 10.1016/s0165-6147(99)01302-4.

DOI:10.1016/s0165-6147(99)01302-4

PMID:10354615

Abstract

Registration in Europe of several artemisinin drugs for the treatment of malaria can soon be expected. Artemisinin is isolated from the herb Artemisia annua, in use in China more than 2000 years as a herbal tea against fever. Artemisinin drugs are being used extensively in South-East Asia and increasingly in Africa. Active derivatives have been synthesized - artemether, arteether and artesunate - which are used for oral, intramuscular, rectal and intravenous administration. The origin, mechanism of action, efficacy and safety in patients, the pharmacokinetics and the position of this group of compounds among existing antimalarials are discussed in this review.

摘要

预计不久后几种用于治疗疟疾的青蒿素药物将在欧洲注册。青蒿素是从植物黄花蒿中提取的，在中国作为一种治疗发热的草药茶已有2000多年的使用历史。青蒿素药物在东南亚被广泛使用，在非洲的使用也日益增加。已经合成了活性衍生物——蒿甲醚、青蒿琥酯和青蒿醚——可用于口服、肌肉注射、直肠给药和静脉注射。本文综述了这类化合物的来源、作用机制、对患者的疗效和安全性、药代动力学以及在现有抗疟药物中的地位。