西班牙赫罗纳省心血管危险因素的高流行率，该省心肌梗死发病率较低。REGICOR研究人员。
High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Gerona, Spain, a province with low myocardial infarction incidence. REGICOR Investigators.
作者信息
Masiá R, Pena A, Marrugat J, Sala J, Vila J, Pavesi M, Covas M, Aubó C, Elosua R
机构信息
Coronary Care Unit, Hospital Josep Trueta, Gerona, Spain.
出版信息
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998 Nov;52(11):707-15. doi: 10.1136/jech.52.11.707.
STUDY OBJECTIVE
To establish the prevalence of main cardiovascular risk factors in the province of Gerona, where the incidence of myocardial infarction is known to be low.
DESIGN
This was a cross sectional study of prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors conducted on a large random population sample.
SETTING
The province of Gerona, Spain.
PARTICIPANTS
Two thousand four hundred and four eligible inhabitants of Gerona aged between 25 and 74 years were randomly selected for a multi-stage sample stratified by age and sex. The following were standardly measured: lipids (total cholesterol, high density, low density, lipoprotein (a) and triglycerides), fibrinogen, basal glycaemia, arterial pressure, anthropometric variables, smoking, history of angina (Rose questionnaire), and a medical history questionnaire. Population measurements were standardised for the world population of 24 to 74 years of age.
RESULTS
The participation rate was 72.7% (1748). Total mean cholesterol was 5.69 mmol/l in men and 5.61 mmol/l in women and mean high density cholesterol was 1.22 mmol/l and 1.47 mmol/l, respectively. Median lipoprotein (a) was 0.22 g/l. These three lipids increased significantly with age. Mean fibrinogen was 2.92 g/l in men and 3.09 g/l in women, and was higher in smokers. The prevalence of hypertension (systolic arterial tension > or = 140 mm Hg or diastolic > or = 90 mm Hg or drug treatment) was 31.3% in men and 27.7% in women. The proportion of male smokers was 33.8% and female smokers 22.7%. The proportion of female smokers in the 25-34 year age group exceeded that of the remaining age groups for both men and women.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Gerona is relatively high for the low myocardial infarction incidence typical of the area, although similar to that of other Spanish areas. The factors that confer sufficient protection to compensate for the effect of the prevalence of these risk factors remain to be elucidated.
研究目的
在已知心肌梗死发病率较低的赫罗纳省，确定主要心血管危险因素的流行情况。
设计
这是一项针对大量随机人群样本进行的心血管危险因素流行情况横断面研究。
地点
西班牙赫罗纳省。
参与者
从赫罗纳省2404名年龄在25至74岁之间的符合条件居民中，按年龄和性别进行多阶段分层随机抽样。常规测量以下指标：血脂（总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、脂蛋白(a)和甘油三酯）、纤维蛋白原、基础血糖、动脉血压、人体测量变量、吸烟情况、心绞痛病史（罗斯问卷）以及病史问卷。针对24至74岁的世界人口对人群测量进行了标准化。
结果
参与率为72.7%（1748人）。男性总平均胆固醇为5.69 mmol/l，女性为5.61 mmol/l，平均高密度胆固醇分别为1.22 mmol/l和1.47 mmol/l。脂蛋白(a)中位数为0.22 g/l。这三种血脂均随年龄显著增加。男性平均纤维蛋白原为2.92 g/l，女性为3.09 g/l，吸烟者更高。高血压（收缩压动脉压≥140 mmHg或舒张压≥90 mmHg或药物治疗）的患病率男性为31.3%，女性为27.7%。男性吸烟者比例为33.8%，女性吸烟者比例为22.7%。在25 - 34岁年龄组中，女性吸烟者比例超过了男性和女性的其他年龄组。
结论
尽管与西班牙其他地区相似，但在赫罗纳省，对于该地区典型的低心肌梗死发病率而言，心血管危险因素的流行率相对较高。赋予足够保护以抵消这些危险因素流行影响的因素仍有待阐明。
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