Tormo Díaz M J, Navarro Sánchez C, Chirlaque López M D, Pérez Flores D
Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social de la Región de Murcia.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 1997 Nov-Dec;71(6):515-29.
The Region of Murcia is an area, within the Spanish context, of high coronary and stroke mortality. Moreover, the trend in ischaemic heart disease mortality, decreasing for almost all geographical Spanish areas, has suffered in Murcia a slight increase during the period 1985-1991. In this study the population prevalences to different cardiovascular risk factors are evaluated.
Survey of a random sample of adult population (aged 18-65) with a response rate of 61%. Standardised measurement of arterial blood pressure, obesity and serum lipids besides a questionnaire of tobacco consume, physical activity and diabetes. Presentation of standardised results for overall age groups and for the truncated 35-64 age group. The field work were from november 1991 to march 1993.
Tobacco smoking prevalence rises up to 54.4% in men and 31.3% in women. Figures for hypertension are less favourable in men (32.3% prevalence, 16.4% treatment, 2.6% hypertension control among all hypertensives, and 15.6% control among only treated hypertensives) that among women (23.7%, 34.3%, 9.5% y 27.8%, respectively). The average serum concentrations of cholesterol are low in both sexes, as high are the HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Mean Body Mass Index is 26.7 for both sexes, although women present wider variability in the measurements. The prevalence of self informed diabetes is around 3-4%.
Comparing these figures, for the corresponding age groups, with those offered by the MONICA study and with other studies on Spanish adult population it is possible to observe that, exception made for the high tobacco consumption and Body Mass Index seen in the Region of Murcia, the overall figures of cardiovascular risk factors are located in the lowest end of the distribution of MONICA centres ranked according their prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. It might exist, therefore, differences in the management of the coronary patient that could explain at least part of the unfavourable coronary heart mortality trends observed in the Region of Murcia.
在西班牙，穆尔西亚地区是冠心病和中风死亡率较高的地区。此外，在1985 - 1991年期间，几乎所有西班牙地理区域的缺血性心脏病死亡率都呈下降趋势，但穆尔西亚地区却略有上升。在本研究中，对不同心血管危险因素的人群患病率进行了评估。
对成年人群（18 - 65岁）的随机样本进行调查，应答率为61%。除了关于烟草消费、体育活动和糖尿病的问卷外，还对动脉血压、肥胖和血脂进行标准化测量。给出了总体年龄组和35 - 64岁年龄段的标准化结果。实地调查工作从1991年11月持续到1993年3月。
男性吸烟患病率高达54.4%，女性为31.3%。男性高血压情况不如女性（患病率分别为32.3%、治疗率为16.4%、所有高血压患者中高血压控制率为2.6%，仅治疗的高血压患者中控制率为15.6%，而女性分别为23.7%、34.3%、9.5%和27.8%）。男女的胆固醇平均血清浓度较低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度较高。男女的平均体重指数均为26.7，不过女性测量值的变异性更大。自我报告的糖尿病患病率约为3 - 4%。
将这些相应年龄组的数据与莫妮卡研究以及其他关于西班牙成年人群的研究数据进行比较，可以发现，除了穆尔西亚地区吸烟率高和体重指数高之外，心血管危险因素的总体数据处于根据心血管危险因素患病率排名的莫妮卡中心分布的最低端。因此，可能在冠心病患者的管理方面存在差异，这至少可以部分解释在穆尔西亚地区观察到的不利的冠心病死亡率趋势。
