Butterfield G E
Program in Human Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Clin Sports Med. 1999 Jul;18(3):607-21, viii. doi: 10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70171-x.
Travel to terrestrial altitudes greater than 2500 m, for more than 2 to 3 days, results in acute and long-term physiologic adaptations with the potential to profoundly affect the requirements for some nutrients. This article discusses the evidence for these increased requirements and makes recommendations regarding appropriate intakes at high altitude. Discussion of nutrients includes energy and the food components that supply it (i.e., protein, carbohydrate, and fat), water, vitamins, and minerals. Because the anorexia associated with high altitude exposure may limit the intake of adequate nutrients, a food and water regimen, or "doctrine," is proposed and described.
前往海拔超过2500米的地区，停留超过2至3天，会导致急性和长期的生理适应，这有可能深刻影响某些营养素的需求。本文讨论了这些需求增加的证据，并就高海拔地区的适当摄入量提出建议。所讨论的营养素包括能量以及提供能量的食物成分（即蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪）、水、维生素和矿物质。由于与高海拔暴露相关的厌食症可能会限制充足营养素的摄入，因此提出并描述了一种食物和水的养生法，即“原则”。
