Haefliger I O, Dettmann E, Liu R, Meyer P, Prünte C, Messerli J, Flammer J
Laboratory of Ocular Pharmacology and Physiology, University Eye Clinic Basel, Switzerland.
Surv Ophthalmol. 1999 Jun;43 Suppl 1:S51-8. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00026-0.
Glaucoma is an optic nerve head neuropathy in which retinal ganglion cells are lost. A clear association exists between glaucoma and different risk factors, such as high intraocular pressure (IOP) or blood-flow dysregulation. Nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin, two recently identified cellular mediators, appear to be involved in the regulation of IOP as well as in the modulation of ocular blood flow. To some extent, NO is also involved in apoptosis, a mechanism of cell death that can lead to retinal ganglion cell loss in glaucoma. This article provides a short and simplified overview of the biochemistry of NO and endothelin and highlights the potential role of these two mediators in certain important aspects related to the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
青光眼是一种视网膜神经节细胞丢失的视神经乳头神经病变。青光眼与不同的危险因素之间存在明确的关联，如高眼压（IOP）或血流调节异常。一氧化氮（NO）和内皮素是最近发现的两种细胞介质，似乎参与眼压调节以及眼血流的调节。在一定程度上，NO还参与细胞凋亡，这是一种细胞死亡机制，可导致青光眼患者视网膜神经节细胞丢失。本文简要概述了NO和内皮素的生物化学，并强调了这两种介质在与青光眼发病机制相关的某些重要方面的潜在作用。
