Milne E, English D R, Corti B, Cross D, Borland R, Gies P, Costa C, Johnston R
Department of Public Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6907, Western Australia.
Prev Med. 1999 Jul;29(1):45-52. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1999.0501.
"Kidskin" is an intervention study involving children at 33 primary schools in Perth, Western Australia. This study includes measurement of changes in implementation of schools' sun protection policies. This paper reports on measurement of observable aspects of sun protection.
Hat use was assessed from videos of children in the playground. Shade use was measured using UVR-sensitive polysulfone badges worn by a random sample of children. Shade provision was measured from aerial photographs of the schools. Principals were surveyed about school policies and practices.
Eighty-seven percent of children wore a hat during lunch time at school, although only 14% wore the most protective styles of hats. The mean proportion of ambient UVR exposure received by Year 1 children was 15.5%; children spent less time in the sun on sunnier days. On average, 14.5% of the playground was shaded; this was not associated with children's sun exposure. Correlations between these results and the principals' estimates were poor.
Children should be encouraged to wear more protective styles of hats and to avoid sun exposure, even on less sunny days during spring and summer. Principals' estimates of shade provision and children's sun protection behavior at school are of little value.
“儿童皮肤健康干预项目（Kidskin）”是一项针对西澳大利亚珀斯33所小学儿童的干预性研究。该研究包括对学校防晒政策实施变化的测量。本文报告了对防晒可观察方面的测量情况。
通过操场上儿童的视频评估帽子佩戴情况。使用随机抽取的儿童佩戴的紫外线敏感聚砜徽章测量遮阳使用情况。从学校的航拍照片测量遮阳设施情况。对校长进行了关于学校政策和做法的调查。
87%的儿童在学校午餐时间戴了帽子，不过只有14%戴的是防护性最强的帽子款式。一年级儿童接受的环境紫外线辐射平均比例为15.5%；天气较晴朗时儿童在阳光下的时间较少。操场上平均有14.5%的区域有遮阳；这与儿童的紫外线暴露情况无关。这些结果与校长的估计之间的相关性较差。
应鼓励儿童佩戴防护性更强的帽子款式，并避免阳光照射，即使在春夏季不太晴朗的日子也应如此。校长对学校遮阳设施情况和儿童防晒行为的估计价值不大。
