Divine B J, Hartman C M, Wendt J K
Texaco, Houston, TX 77251, USA.
Occup Environ Med. 1999 Mar;56(3):167-73. doi: 10.1136/oem.56.3.167.
To update information on the workers of the Texaco mortality study to determine if the patterns of mortality have changed with 16 additional years of follow up.
All workers were employed for > or = 5 years at company refineries, petrochemical plants, and research laboratories from 1947-93. The cohort now consists of 28,480 employees with an average of > or = 20 years of follow up.
The overall mortality, and most cause specific mortalities were lower than or similar to those for the general population of the United States. For white men (86% of the cohort), there were 8873 observed deaths and 11,181 expected resulting in a significantly lower standardised mortality ratio (SMR) of 79. There were significant deficits for all the leading causes of death in the United States including all cancers, cancer of the lung, stroke, heart disease, respiratory disease, and accidents. Slightly increased mortality was found for cancer of the pancreas, cancer of the brain and central nervous system, leukaemia, and cancer of other lymphatic tissue. For cancer of the bone, the SMR was 162 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 86 to 278), and for benign and unspecified neoplasms, it was 152 (95% CI 109 to 206). Overall mortality patterns for non-white men and women were similar to those for white men. Mortality patterns for white men were also examined by duration of employment, time first employed, location, and by job and process unit. There were significantly increased SMRs for brain cancer for those people employed as laboratory workers and on units with motor oil and for cancer of other lymphatic tissue for people employed on the fluid catalytic cracking unit.
The results of the updated study showed a favourable mortality experience for employees in the Texaco mortality study compared with the United States population. There were a few increases found consistently including, but not limited to, brain cancer and cancer of other lymphatic tissue. These increases led to additional analyses that will be discussed in the accompanying paper.
更新德士古公司死亡率研究中工人的信息，以确定在额外16年的随访后死亡率模式是否发生了变化。
所有工人在1947年至1993年期间受雇于公司炼油厂、石化厂和研究实验室，工作时间≥5年。该队列目前由28480名员工组成，平均随访时间≥20年。
总体死亡率以及大多数特定病因死亡率低于或类似于美国普通人群。对于白人男性（占队列的86%），观察到8873例死亡，预期死亡11181例，标准化死亡率（SMR）显著降低至79。在美国所有主要死因中均存在显著不足，包括所有癌症、肺癌、中风、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和事故。发现胰腺癌、脑和中枢神经系统癌、白血病以及其他淋巴组织癌的死亡率略有上升。骨癌的SMR为162（95%置信区间（95%CI）86至278），良性和未明确肿瘤的SMR为152（95%CI 109至206）。非白人男性和女性的总体死亡率模式与白人男性相似。还按就业时长、首次就业时间、地点以及工作岗位和工艺单元对白人男性的死亡率模式进行了研究。从事实验室工作以及在使用机油的部门工作的人员患脑癌的SMR显著升高，在流化催化裂化装置工作的人员患其他淋巴组织癌的SMR显著升高。
更新研究的结果表明，与美国人群相比，德士古公司死亡率研究中的员工死亡率情况较好。持续发现有一些死亡率上升情况，包括但不限于脑癌和其他淋巴组织癌。这些上升情况促使进行了进一步分析，将在随附论文中讨论。
