Glass T A, de Leon C M, Marottoli R A, Berkman L F
Harvard University School of Public Health, Department of Health and Social Behavior, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
BMJ. 1999 Aug 21;319(7208):478-83. doi: 10.1136/bmj.319.7208.478.
To examine any association between social, productive, and physical activity and 13 year survival in older people.
Prospective cohort study with annual mortality follow up. Activity and other measures were assessed by structured interviews at baseline in the participants' homes. Proportional hazards models were used to model survival from time of initial interview.
City of New Haven, Connecticut, United States.
2761 men and women from a random population sample of 2812 people aged 65 and older.
Mortality from all causes during 13 years of follow up.
All three types of activity were independently associated with survival after age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, income, body mass index, smoking, functional disability, and history of cancer, diabetes, stroke, and myocardial infarction were controlled for.
Social and productive activities that involve little or no enhancement of fitness lower the risk of all cause mortality as much as fitness activities do. This suggests that in addition to increased cardiopulmonary fitness, activity may confer survival benefits through psychosocial pathways. Social and productive activities that require less physical exertion may complement exercise programmes and may constitute alternative interventions for frail elderly people.
研究老年人的社交、生产性和身体活动与13年生存率之间的关联。
进行年度死亡率随访的前瞻性队列研究。在参与者家中通过结构化访谈对活动及其他指标进行基线评估。使用比例风险模型对初次访谈时间起的生存情况进行建模。
美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市。
从2812名65岁及以上人群的随机抽样中选取的2761名男性和女性。
13年随访期间的全因死亡率。
在对年龄、性别、种族/族裔、婚姻状况、收入、体重指数、吸烟、功能残疾以及癌症、糖尿病、中风和心肌梗死病史进行控制后，所有三种类型的活动均与生存率独立相关。
几乎不增强或不增强身体素质的社交和生产性活动与健身活动一样，能降低全因死亡率风险。这表明，除了提高心肺功能外，活动还可能通过心理社会途径带来生存益处。体力消耗较少的社交和生产性活动可能补充锻炼计划，并可能成为体弱老年人的替代干预措施。
