Bernard T E, Pourmoghani M
College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
Appl Occup Environ Hyg. 1999 Feb;14(2):126-34. doi: 10.1080/104732299303296.
The wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is the de facto standard to assess environmental contributions to heat stress. A practical problem emerges when the heat stress conditions vary over many locations or during the day. To address this problem, investigators have suggested empirical relationships and thermodynamic models. The purpose of this effort was to examine a thermodynamic model in the laboratory and to predict WBGTs in an aluminum smelter by both the empirical and thermodynamic models. In the laboratory, there was no real difference between the experimental data and the thermodynamic model. In the application to an aluminum smelter, there was a small overall tendency for the predicted values to be greater than the actual values, but there was no practical difference between the models. The empirical model provided a good match with a slight over-prediction by 0.5 degree C with a standard deviation of 3.0 degrees C. For the same data, the thermodynamic model had an average over-prediction of 0.7 degree C with a standard deviation of 2.8 degrees C. Either method of predicting WBGT was effective. The empirical method required less computation and was conceptually simpler.
湿球黑球温度(WBGT)是评估环境对热应激影响的实际标准。当热应激条件在多个地点或一天中发生变化时,就会出现一个实际问题。为了解决这个问题,研究人员提出了经验关系和热力学模型。这项工作的目的是在实验室中检验一个热力学模型,并通过经验模型和热力学模型预测铝冶炼厂的WBGT。在实验室中,实验数据与热力学模型之间没有实际差异。在应用于铝冶炼厂时,预测值总体上有略大于实际值的趋势,但模型之间没有实际差异。经验模型提供了良好的匹配,略有0.5摄氏度的过度预测,标准差为3.0摄氏度。对于相同的数据,热力学模型的平均过度预测为0.7摄氏度,标准差为2.8摄氏度。预测WBGT的任何一种方法都是有效的。经验方法所需的计算较少,概念上也更简单。