Helge J W, Ayre K J, Hulbert A J, Kiens B, Storlien L H
Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, August Krogh Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Nutr. 1999 Sep;129(9):1636-42. doi: 10.1093/jn/129.9.1636.
We investigated the effect of regular exercise and changes in dietary fatty acid profile on skeletal muscle phospholipid fatty acid profile in rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups and for 4 wk fed either a carbohydrate-rich diet (CHO, 10 percent of total energy (E%) fat, 20 E% protein, 70 E% CHO) or one of two fat-rich diets (65 E% fat, 20 E% protein, 15 E% CHO) containing predominantly either saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids. Each dietary group was randomly assigned to a trained (6 d/wk, progressive to 60 min, 28 m/min at a 10 degrees incline) or a sedentary group. The effect of training was apparent in the three hindlimb muscles analyzed: red quadriceps, white quadriceps and soleus. The unsaturation index was significantly lower in the trained than in the sedentary groups (206 +/- 2 vs. 215 +/- 2, P < 0. 01), which largely reflected a lower content of arachidonic acid [20:4(n-6): 14.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 16.6 +/- 0.4% of total fatty acids, P < 0.01] and docosahexaenoic acid [22:6(n-3): 11.1 +/- 0.2 vs. 11.7 +/- 0.3% of total fatty acids, P < 0.03] and a concomitant higher content of linoleic acid [18:2(n-6): 20.0 +/- 0.4 vs. 17.8 +/- 0.4% of total fatty acids, P < 0.01]. Training affected skeletal muscle membrane structural composition, and this occurred independently of dietary fatty acid changes. This change likely reflects an increased utilization of highly unsaturated fatty acids for energy, an effect which may have deleterious effects on insulin action.
我们研究了规律运动和饮食脂肪酸谱变化对大鼠骨骼肌磷脂脂肪酸谱的影响。大鼠被随机分为三组，连续4周喂食富含碳水化合物的饮食（CHO，总能量的10%为脂肪，20%为蛋白质，70%为碳水化合物）或两种富含脂肪的饮食之一（65%为脂肪，20%为蛋白质，15%为碳水化合物），其中一种主要含饱和脂肪酸，另一种主要含单不饱和脂肪酸。每个饮食组又被随机分为训练组（每周6天，逐渐增加至60分钟，在10度坡度下以每分钟28米的速度运动）和久坐组。训练的效果在分析的三块后肢肌肉中很明显：红色股四头肌、白色股四头肌和比目鱼肌。训练组的不饱和指数显著低于久坐组（206±2对215±2，P<0.01），这主要反映了花生四烯酸含量较低[20:4(n - 6)：占总脂肪酸的14.5±0.5%对16.6±0.4%，P<0.01]和二十二碳六烯酸含量较低[22:6(n - 3)：占总脂肪酸的11.1±0.2%对11.7±0.3%，P<0.03]，同时亚油酸含量较高[18:2(n - 6)：占总脂肪酸的20.0±0.4%对17.8±0.4%，P<0.01]。训练影响了骨骼肌膜的结构组成，且这种影响独立于饮食脂肪酸的变化。这种变化可能反映了高度不饱和脂肪酸用于能量的利用率增加，这一效应可能对胰岛素作用产生有害影响。
