Zieglowski V, Hemprich A
Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Leipzig.
Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir. 1999 Jul;3(4):195-9. doi: 10.1007/s100060050129.
Cleft lip palates (CLP) are caused by a variety of factors. Ionizing radiation is only one of these factors. The meltdown of the nuclear reactor at Chernobyl on April 26, 1986, and the subsequent radioactive fallout did not cause any acute radiation sickness in Germany. Nevertheless, in West Berlin a significant increase of trisomy-21 cases was reported in births 9 months after the Chernobyl reactor accident. In our study we analyzed the influence of the radioactive fallout after the Chernobyl disaster on the rate and regional distribution of CLP newborns in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). In contrast to the Federal Republic of Germany an ongoing malformation register for CLP newborns had existed in the former GDR since 4 July 1967. Environmental data were collected from national and international environmental authorities and atomic energy agencies. Population statistics were taken from the statistical year-book of the former GDR. During a 10-year period from 1980 to 1989, the average number of CLP newborns in the GDR was 1.88 per 1,000 live births. A significant prevalence increase was recorded in 1983, 1987 und 1988. In comparison to the mean rate in the period from 1980 until 1986, 1987 demonstrated an increase of 9.4%. Regional prevalence increases were seen in the three northern districts of Schwerin, Rostock and Neubrandenburg, where the radioactivity measurements in general showed higher levels of the radionuclides caesium-137 und strontium-90 than in other districts. Owing to the comprehensive malformation register for CLP patients in the GDR, this is the first study for Germany, analyzing the CLP rate before and after the fallout in Chernobyl. The results support the allegation of the influence of radiation-induced increase of CLP newborns after the Chernobyl reactor accident.
唇腭裂（CLP）由多种因素引起。电离辐射只是其中之一。1986年4月26日切尔诺贝利核反应堆熔毁以及随后的放射性沉降物并未在德国造成任何急性辐射病。然而，在西柏林，据报道在切尔诺贝利反应堆事故9个月后的出生婴儿中，21三体综合征病例显著增加。在我们的研究中，我们分析了切尔诺贝利灾难后的放射性沉降物对前德意志民主共和国（东德）唇腭裂新生儿发生率和区域分布的影响。与德意志联邦共和国不同，自1967年7月4日起，东德就有一个持续更新的唇腭裂新生儿畸形登记册。环境数据是从国家和国际环境当局以及原子能机构收集的。人口统计数据取自前东德的统计年鉴。在1980年至1989年的10年期间，东德唇腭裂新生儿的平均数量为每1000例活产中有1.88例。1983年、1987年和1988年记录到患病率显著上升。与1980年至1986年期间的平均发病率相比，1987年上升了9.4%。在什未林、罗斯托克和新勃兰登堡这三个北部地区观察到区域患病率上升，这些地区的放射性测量总体显示，铯-137和锶-90这两种放射性核素的水平高于其他地区。由于东德有针对唇腭裂患者的全面畸形登记册，这是德国第一项分析切尔诺贝利沉降物前后唇腭裂发病率的研究。结果支持了切尔诺贝利反应堆事故后辐射导致唇腭裂新生儿增加这一说法。
