Wingert T A, McAlister W H
University of Missouri-St. Louis, School of Optometry, USA.
J Am Optom Assoc. 1999 Jul;70(7):470-4.
Residents of nursing homes do not have the same access to health care as do other elderly persons. Some sources have indicated that only 20% of nursing home residents in the United States ever receive eye care services in the nursing home. We sought to determine the availability of eye care services in Missouri nursing homes.
A survey was mailed to all licensed nursing homes in the State of Missouri (1,199). The survey inquired about the type of nursing facility, their location, and types of medical care and eye care provided at their institution. Information was also requested regarding the number of patients eligible for Medicare, Medicaid, and other third-party coverage. A 6-week period was allowed for responses.
A response rate of 26.86% was obtained. Larger facilities were more likely to provide services than smaller facilities, and skilled nursing facilities were more likely to provide services than residential care facilities. Overall, 73% of the responding facilities provided some type of eye care services, as compared with 81% providing medical care. However, only 21% of nursing facilities have any type of regular schedule for provision of these services. Approximately 40% of the nursing homes without eye care services were interested in adding those services within a year, while half of those were not interested in adding them for their patients.
Eye care services are available for many Missouri nursing home patients, but there is a lack of understanding as to how those services can be used. This can have considerable impact in meeting the health care needs of these patients, as well as enhancing the quality of life.
养老院居民获得医疗保健的机会与其他老年人不同。一些资料表明，在美国，只有20%的养老院居民在养老院接受过眼部护理服务。我们试图确定密苏里州养老院眼部护理服务的可及性。
向密苏里州所有持牌养老院（共1199家）邮寄了一份调查问卷。该调查询问了护理机构的类型、位置，以及其机构提供的医疗护理和眼部护理类型。还要求提供有关符合医疗保险、医疗补助和其他第三方保险覆盖资格的患者数量的信息。设定了6周的回复期限。
获得了26.86%的回复率。大型机构比小型机构更有可能提供服务，专业护理机构比住宅护理机构更有可能提供服务。总体而言，73%的回复机构提供了某种类型的眼部护理服务，相比之下，提供医疗护理的机构为81%。然而，只有21%的护理机构有任何类型的定期服务安排。约40%没有眼部护理服务的养老院有兴趣在一年内增加这些服务，而其中一半对为其患者增加服务不感兴趣。
许多密苏里州养老院患者可以获得眼部护理服务，但对于如何利用这些服务缺乏了解。这可能对满足这些患者的医疗保健需求以及提高生活质量产生重大影响。
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