Bokhari M A, Hussain I, Jahangir M, Haroon T S, Aman S, Khurshid K
Department of Dermatology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Int J Dermatol. 1999 Aug;38(8):591-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1999.00768.x.
Onychomycosis, a common nail disorder, is caused by yeasts, dermatophytes, and nondermatophyte molds. These fungi give rise to diverse clinical presentations. The present study aimed to isolate the causative pathogens and to determine the various clinical patterns of onychomycosis in the population in Lahore, Pakistan.
In 100 clinically suspected cases, the diagnosis was confirmed by mycologic culture. Different clinical patterns were noted and correlated with causative pathogens.
Seventy-two women (mean age, 32.6 +/- 14.8 years) and 28 men (mean age, 40.6 +/- 15.8 years) were studied. Fingernails were involved in 50%, toenails in 23%, and both fingernails and toenails in 27% of patients. The various clinical types noted were distolateral subungual onychomycosis (47%), candidal onychomycosis (36%), total dystrophic onychomycosis (12%), superficial white onychomycosis (3%), and proximal subungual onychomycosis (2%). Candida was the most common pathogen (46%), followed by dermatophytes (43%) (Trichophyton rubrum (31%), T. violaceum (5%), T. mentagrophytes (4%), T. tonsurans (2%), and Epidermophyton floccosum (1%) and nondermatophyte molds (11%) (Fusarium (4%), Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (2%), Aspergillus (2%), Acremonium (1%), Scytalidium dimidiatum (1%), and Alternaria (1%).
Onychomycosis is more common in women of 20-40 years of age. Distolateral subungual onychomycosis and candidal onychomycosis are the most common clinical presentations, and Candida and T. rubrum are the major pathogens in Pakistan.
甲癣是一种常见的指甲疾病，由酵母菌、皮肤癣菌和非皮肤癣菌霉菌引起。这些真菌会导致多种临床表现。本研究旨在分离出致病病原体，并确定巴基斯坦拉合尔人群中甲癣的各种临床模式。
在100例临床疑似病例中，通过真菌培养确诊。记录了不同的临床模式，并与致病病原体相关联。
研究了72名女性（平均年龄32.6±14.8岁）和28名男性（平均年龄40.6±15.8岁）。50%的患者累及手指甲，23%累及脚趾甲，27%的患者手指甲和脚趾甲均受累。观察到的各种临床类型为远端侧位甲下甲癣（47%）、念珠菌性甲癣（36%）、全甲营养不良性甲癣（12%）、浅表白色甲癣（3%）和近端甲下甲癣（2%）。念珠菌是最常见的病原体（46%），其次是皮肤癣菌（43%）（红色毛癣菌（31%）、紫色毛癣菌（5%）、须癣毛癣菌（4%）、断发毛癣菌（2%）和絮状表皮癣菌（1%））以及非皮肤癣菌霉菌（11%）（镰刀菌（4%）、短帚霉（2%）、曲霉（2%）、枝顶孢霉（1%）、暗淡弯孢霉（1%）和链格孢属（1%））。
甲癣在20至40岁的女性中更为常见。远端侧位甲下甲癣和念珠菌性甲癣是最常见的临床表现，念珠菌和红色毛癣菌是巴基斯坦的主要病原体。
