Lacroix J S
Unité de rhinologie, Clinique ORL, Hôpital cantonal universitaire, Genève.
Rev Med Suisse Romande. 1999 Aug;119(8):619-21.
The nasal mucosa is densely innervated by sensory nerve fibres which play an important part in the protection of the lower airways. Protective reflexes such as sneezing, secretion and nasal congestion can be elicited by exogenous noxious particles and numerous airborne irritants. The functions of the nasal mucosa is influenced at least in part, by biologically active neuropeptides that are released from sensory nerves endings. These sensory neuropeptides are involved in local vasodilatation, vascular permeability and mucus secretion. In addition, these neuropeptides are chemotactic for inflammatory cells such as eosinophiles and granulocytes. Therefore, neuropeptides of sensory origin are most likely involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of specific (allergy) as well as non specific nasal hyperreactivity.
鼻黏膜由感觉神经纤维密集支配，这些神经纤维在保护下呼吸道方面发挥着重要作用。诸如打喷嚏、分泌和鼻充血等保护性反射可由外源性有害颗粒和多种空气传播的刺激物引发。鼻黏膜的功能至少部分地受到从感觉神经末梢释放的生物活性神经肽的影响。这些感觉神经肽参与局部血管舒张、血管通透性和黏液分泌。此外，这些神经肽对嗜酸性粒细胞和粒细胞等炎性细胞具有趋化作用。因此，感觉源神经肽很可能参与了特异性（过敏）以及非特异性鼻高反应性的病理生理机制。
