Buonomano R, Tinguely C, Rieben R, Mohacsi P J, Nydegger U E
Department of Hematology and Regional Red Cross Blood Transfusion Center, Bern, Switzerland.
Xenotransplantation. 1999 Aug;6(3):173-80. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3089.1999.00023.x.
The natural occurrence of complement-activating anti-Galalpha1-3Gal antibodies (anti-Gal) in human serum is considered as a major obstacle to xenotransplantation. In this study we determined anti-Gal in sera of 200 healthy volunteers (100 male, 100 female) of different age groups using an IgG- and IgM-isotype specific ELISA. In addition, we used a direct hemagglutination test involving rabbit erythrocytes (E(R)), which are known for abundant surface expression of the Galalpha1-3Gal antigen. The measured arbitrary ELISA units (U) for anti-Gal ranged from 5 to 204 U (77+/-47; mean +/- 1 SD) for IgM, and from 1 to 162 U(73+/-32) for IgG. Anti-E(R) hemagglutination titers were between 1: 65536 and 1: 64 (mean 1: 703), with 75% of all serum samples being in the range of 1: 8192-1: 512. Specificity of the tests was determined by immunoabsorption of anti-Gal on Sepharose-coupled synthetic Galalpha1-3Gal antigen, which reduced ELISA as well as agglutination titers by 90% or more. Overall, inter-individual differences of both anti-Gal ELISA values and E(R) agglutination titers exceeded age-, gender-, or ABO-type related changes. A tendency was found to higher anti-Gal IgM values in women than in men (P < 0.005 by Student's t-test), whereas the gender-difference for anti-Gal IgG or E(R) titers was not significant. Application of the anti-Gal ELISA as well as the E(R) agglutination assay for pre-transplant screening of potential pig xenograft recipients is discussed.
人血清中天然存在的补体激活抗Galα1-3Gal抗体（抗Gal）被认为是异种移植的主要障碍。在本研究中，我们使用IgG和IgM同型特异性ELISA测定了200名不同年龄组健康志愿者（100名男性，100名女性）血清中的抗Gal。此外，我们使用了涉及兔红细胞（E(R)）的直接血凝试验，兔红细胞以Galα1-3Gal抗原的丰富表面表达而闻名。抗Gal的测定ELISA任意单位（U），IgM为5至204 U（77±47；平均值±1标准差），IgG为1至162 U（73±32）。抗E(R)血凝滴度在1:65536至1:64之间（平均1:703），所有血清样本的75%在1:8192至1:512范围内。通过在琼脂糖偶联的合成Galα1-3Gal抗原上免疫吸附抗Gal来确定试验的特异性，这使ELISA和凝集滴度降低了90%或更多。总体而言，抗Gal ELISA值和E(R)凝集滴度的个体间差异超过了年龄、性别或ABO血型相关的变化。发现女性的抗Gal IgM值有高于男性的趋势（学生t检验，P<0.005），而抗Gal IgG或E(R)滴度的性别差异不显著。讨论了抗Gal ELISA以及E(R)凝集试验在潜在猪异种移植受者移植前筛查中的应用。
