Filaire E, Le Scanff C, Duché P, Lac G
Movement Performance Laboratory, Blaise Pascal University.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 1999 Sep;70(3):297-302. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1999.10608048.
Salivary cortisol, androstenedione delta 4, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in 20 elite sportswomen were measured using radioimmunoassay in samples taken 5 min before and after a handball or volleyball competition. Three psychometric tests--State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Bortner, and Questionnaire de Personnalité pour Sportifs (questionnaire of personality for sports participants)--were used to evaluate the participants' personalities. Results indicated higher concentrations of cortisol and lower concentrations of delta 4 and DHEA in handball players before and after the competition. Cortisol values increased significantly during the competition in both groups. No changes were observed in androgen levels. The state of anxiety was higher in handball players, characterized by Pattern A behavior, whereas Pattern B behavior defined the volleyball players. The results suggest that adrenocortical changes during handball and volleyball competition are influenced by the different energy systems required by the two activities, individual personality characteristics, and the athlete's anxiety level relative to winning or losing.
采用放射免疫分析法，对20名优秀女运动员在进行手球或排球比赛前后5分钟采集的样本中的唾液皮质醇、雄烯二酮δ4和脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）进行了测量。使用三项心理测试——状态-特质焦虑量表、博特纳量表和运动员人格问卷——来评估参与者的个性。结果表明，手球运动员在比赛前后的皮质醇浓度较高，而δ4和DHEA浓度较低。两组运动员在比赛期间皮质醇值均显著升高。雄激素水平未观察到变化。手球运动员的焦虑状态较高，表现为A型行为模式，而排球运动员则表现为B型行为模式。结果表明，手球和排球比赛期间的肾上腺皮质变化受两种活动所需的不同能量系统、个体性格特征以及运动员相对于胜负的焦虑水平影响。
