Kasai T, Hoshi K, Yanagimachi R
Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, University of Hawaii Medical School, Honolulu 96822, USA.
Zygote. 1999 Aug;7(3):187-93. doi: 10.1017/s0967199499000568.
To analyse the effect of the state of the sperm plasma membrane on oocyte activation rate following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), three types of human and mouse spermatozoa (intact, immobilised and Triton X-100 treated) were individually injected into mouse oocytes. At 30, 60 and 120 min after injection, maternal chromosomes and sperm nuclei within oocytes were examined. Following human sperm injection, the fastest and the most efficient oocyte activation and sperm head decondensation occurred when the spermatozoa were treated with Triton X-100. Intact spermatozoa were the least effective in activating oocytes. Thus, the rate of mouse oocyte activation following human sperm injection is greatly influenced by the state of the sperm plasma membrane during injection. When mouse spermatozoa were injected into mouse oocytes, the rates of oocyte activation and sperm head decondensation within activated oocytes were the same irrespective of the type of sperm treatment prior to injection. We witnessed that live human spermatozoa injected into moue oocytes often kept moving very actively within the ooplasm for more than 60 min, whereas motile mouse spermatozoa usually became immotile within 20 min after injection into the ooplasm. In 0.002% Triton X-100 solution, mouse spermatozoa are immobilised faster than human spermatozoa. These facts seem to suggest that human sperm plasma membranes are physically and biochemically more stable than those of mouse spermatozoa. Perhaps the physical and chemical properties of the sperm plasma membrane vary from species to species. For those species whose spermatozoa have 'stable' plasma membranes, prior removal or 'damage' of sperm plasma membranes would increase the success rate of ICSI.
为分析胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）后精子质膜状态对卵母细胞激活率的影响，将三种类型的人及小鼠精子（完整、固定和经Triton X - 100处理）分别注射到小鼠卵母细胞中。注射后30、60和120分钟，检查卵母细胞内的母源染色体和精核。注射人精子后，经Triton X - 100处理的精子激活卵母细胞和使精子头部去浓缩的速度最快且效率最高。完整精子激活卵母细胞的效果最差。因此，人精子注射后小鼠卵母细胞的激活率受注射时精子质膜状态的极大影响。当将小鼠精子注射到小鼠卵母细胞中时，无论注射前精子处理的类型如何，激活的卵母细胞内的卵母细胞激活率和精子头部去浓缩率都是相同的。我们观察到，注入小鼠卵母细胞的活人精子通常在卵质内非常活跃地游动超过60分钟，而活动的小鼠精子注入卵质后通常在20分钟内就变得不活动了。在0.002% Triton X - 100溶液中，小鼠精子比人精子更快地被固定。这些事实似乎表明，人精子质膜在物理和生化方面比小鼠精子质膜更稳定。也许精子质膜的物理和化学性质因物种而异。对于那些精子质膜“稳定”的物种，预先去除或“破坏”精子质膜会提高ICSI的成功率。
