伦理原则在医疗保健中的作用以及对伦理准则的影响。
The role of ethical principles in health care and the implications for ethical codes.
作者信息
Limentani A E
机构信息
East Kent Health Authority, Dover.
出版信息
J Med Ethics. 1999 Oct;25(5):394-8. doi: 10.1136/jme.25.5.394.
A common ethical code for everybody involved in health care is desirable, but there are important limitations to the role such a code could play. In order to understand these limitations the approach to ethics using principles and their application to medicine is discussed, and in particular the implications of their being prima facie. The expectation of what an ethical code can do changes depending on how ethical properties in general are understood. The difficulties encountered when ethical values are applied reactively to an objective world can be avoided by seeing them as a more integral part of our understanding of the world. It is concluded that an ethical code can establish important values and describe a common ethical context for health care but is of limited use in solving new and complex ethical problems.
为参与医疗保健的每个人制定一个共同的道德准则是可取的，但这样一个准则所能发挥的作用存在重要局限性。为了理解这些局限性，我们讨论了运用原则的伦理学方法及其在医学中的应用，特别是这些原则作为显见义务的含义。对道德准则所能发挥作用的期望会因对一般道德属性的理解方式不同而有所变化。将道德价值观被动地应用于客观世界时所遇到的困难，可以通过将其视为我们对世界理解中更不可或缺的一部分来避免。结论是，道德准则可以确立重要价值观并描述医疗保健的共同道德背景，但在解决新出现的复杂道德问题方面作用有限。
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