McGarvey E L, Clavet G J, Mason W, Waite D
Department of Psychiatric Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1999 Nov;25(4):731-41. doi: 10.1081/ada-100101889.
A questionnaire survey of 285 consecutively recruited adolescents who were adjudicated to juvenile correctional facilities in Virginia was conducted using the Inhalant Use Questionnaire (1). White youths (36.1%) and youths from other ethnic backgrounds (44.4%) are significantly more likely to report past inhalant use than black youths (1.4%). The median age reported for first-time use of inhalants is 13 years. Youths were divided between those who experimented with inhalants (27%) and those who were heavy users (27%). Huffing was preferred by 60% of youths. Of the youths, 52% reported using inhalants with friends present, whereas 34% used inhalants when they were alone. Sites where youths reported inhalant use include at a friend's home (68%), at home (54%), on the street (40%), at parties (28%), on school grounds (26%), and at school (18%). There are no gender differences in age of onset of inhalant use, lifetime frequency of inhalant use, frequency of inhalant use in the past year, or preferred method of using inhalants. The five substances most frequently used as inhalants include gasoline (by 57.4%), Freon (40.45%), butane lighter fluid (38.3%), glue (29.8%), and nitrous oxide (23.4%). There were no gender differences for use of other products.
对弗吉尼亚州285名连续招募的被裁定进入青少年教养机构的青少年进行了一项问卷调查，使用的是吸入剂使用问卷(1)。白人青少年(36.1%)和其他种族背景的青少年(44.4%)报告过去使用过吸入剂的可能性明显高于黑人青少年(1.4%)。首次使用吸入剂的报告年龄中位数为13岁。青少年分为尝试使用吸入剂的(27%)和重度使用者(27%)。60%的青少年更喜欢“ Huffing”(一种吸入方式)。在这些青少年中，52%报告在有朋友在场时使用吸入剂，而34%在独自一人时使用。青少年报告使用吸入剂的地点包括朋友家(68%)、自己家(54%)、街道上(40%)、派对上(28%)、校园内(26%)和学校里(18%)。在吸入剂使用的起始年龄、终生使用频率、过去一年的使用频率或吸入剂的首选使用方法上没有性别差异。最常被用作吸入剂的五种物质包括汽油(57.4%)、氟利昂(40.45%)、丁烷打火机液体(38.3%)、胶水(29.8%)和一氧化二氮(23.4%)。在使用其他产品方面没有性别差异。
