Kvaavik E, Meyer H E, Selmer R M, Egeland G, Tverdal A
Statens helseundersøkelser, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1999 Sep 30;119(23):3406-9.
Several studies have shown a positive correlation between length of education and healthy dietary habits. This study examines associations between dietary habits and gender, length of education and marital status among adults in a Norwegian county. In 1997, all residents aged 40-42 (n = 7,870), in Hedmark County were invited to participate in the Age 40 Programme of the National Health Screening Service; 64% participated. Data on the consumption of selected foods were collected by a questionnaire. We found that relatively more women than men had fish at least once a week and fruit/vegetables and skimmed milk at least once a day. Women were also less likely to use butter on sandwiches. Comparing dietary habits with respondents' length of education, we found that a larger proportion of those with more education often had fish, fruit/vegetables and skimmed milk than did those with less education. The better educated were also more likely not to use butter/margarine on sandwiches. No clear correlation between marital status and dietary habits was found. The women in our study adhered more strictly to the recommended use of more fruit and vegetables and less fat than did the men, and the better educated group of respondents had dietary habits which were more in line with dietary recommendations.
多项研究表明，受教育时长与健康饮食习惯之间存在正相关关系。本研究调查了挪威一个郡成年人的饮食习惯与性别、受教育时长及婚姻状况之间的关联。1997年，赫德马克郡所有40 - 42岁的居民（n = 7870）受邀参加国家健康筛查服务的40岁项目；64%的人参与了。通过问卷收集了所选食物的消费数据。我们发现，每周至少吃一次鱼以及每天至少吃一次水果/蔬菜和脱脂牛奶的女性相对多于男性。女性在三明治上涂黄油的可能性也较小。将饮食习惯与受访者的受教育时长进行比较，我们发现，受教育程度较高的人群中，经常吃鱼、水果/蔬菜和脱脂牛奶的比例高于受教育程度较低的人群。受教育程度较高的人在三明治上不涂黄油/人造黄油的可能性也更大。未发现婚姻状况与饮食习惯之间存在明显关联。我们研究中的女性比男性更严格地遵循多吃水果和蔬菜、少吃脂肪的建议，而且受教育程度较高的受访者群体的饮食习惯更符合饮食建议。
