Stern J
Department of Psychiatry, Ben-Gurion University of the Neguev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Croat Med J. 1999 Dec;40(4):473-8.
Psychotherapy of war traumas and their specific emotional and psychological experiences is a challenge for the therapist. The two partners of the therapeutic dyad may undergo the same difficulties and suffer from the same anxieties, and be affected by the transference and countertransference processes. The conditions of neutrality that should be maintained in the treatment are thus prone to changes. The therapist may protect himself/herself from unconscious guilt, omnipotent fantasies and feelings of being overwhelmed by different modes of defenses. The historical and social context of the trauma have to be taken into account. A chronology to be introduced in the narrative is the first step in the process of reindividuation as the victim's identity has been attacked by the trauma as well as his/her physical integrity. The therapist may find in this intervention a reflection of his/her own needs. The aims of psychotherapy in war situations may be close to those of crisis intervention and at the same time deal with the reactivation of previous infantile traumas. The past plays a significant part in the readaptative process as much as it is relevant to the present. The therapeutic intervention is in essence a message of hope as it implies a potential future to be created.
对战时创伤及其特定的情感和心理体验进行心理治疗，对治疗师来说是一项挑战。治疗二元组中的两个参与者可能会经历同样的困难，遭受同样的焦虑，并受到移情和反移情过程的影响。因此，治疗中应保持的中立条件容易发生变化。治疗师可能会通过不同的防御方式来保护自己免受无意识的内疚、全能幻想和不堪重负之感的影响。必须考虑创伤的历史和社会背景。在叙述中引入时间顺序是重新个体化过程的第一步，因为受害者的身份以及其身体完整性都受到了创伤的攻击。治疗师可能会在这种干预中发现自身需求的反映。战时心理治疗的目标可能与危机干预的目标相近，同时还要处理先前婴儿期创伤的再次激活。过去在重新适应过程中起着重要作用，就如同它与当下息息相关一样。治疗干预本质上是一种希望的信息，因为它意味着有待创造的潜在未来。
