Holi M M, Sammallahti P R, Aalberg V A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1999 Nov;187(11):654-60. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199911000-00002.
To examine the relation between psychiatric symptoms and defense mechanisms, we administered two questionnaires, the Symptom Check-list 90 (SCL-90) and the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) to 122 psychiatric out-patients and to a community sample of 337 subjects. Using regression analysis, we found that 51.8% of the variation in subject's Global Severity Index value could be explained by his defense style. Of the three defense styles, the immature style explained most of the variation in the symptoms. We found little overall evidence for specific connections between particular defenses and symptoms. Projection and dissociation were central in most of the symptom dimensions. We compared patients and controls with the same level of general symptom severity and found that patients used significantly more devaluation and splitting, and controls used significantly more altruism and idealization. Whether defenses predispose to certain symptomatology or are one of its aspects is discussed.
为了研究精神症状与防御机制之间的关系，我们对122名精神科门诊患者和337名社区样本受试者进行了两项问卷调查，即症状自评量表90（SCL - 90）和防御方式问卷（DSQ）。通过回归分析，我们发现受试者总体严重程度指数值的51.8%的变异可由其防御方式解释。在三种防御方式中，不成熟型防御方式解释了症状的大部分变异。我们几乎没有发现特定防御与症状之间存在具体联系的总体证据。投射和分离在大多数症状维度中处于核心地位。我们比较了具有相同总体症状严重程度水平的患者和对照组，发现患者显著更多地使用贬低和分裂，而对照组显著更多地使用利他和理想化。文中讨论了防御机制是导致某些症状的原因还是症状的一个方面。
