Baguley T, Payne S J
Department of Human Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, England.
Mem Cognit. 1999 Nov;27(6):962-73. doi: 10.3758/bf03201227.
Many researchers believe that when people read spatial descriptions, they construct mental models of the configurations described. Payne (1993) proposed that reading a spatial description produces a memory of the operations used to construct a mental model, an episodic construction trace. The episodic construction trace hypothesis predicts that memory for a spatial description will be influenced by the degree of overlap between the construction processes required by the original description and the construction processes prompted by an item in a recognition test. The two experiments reported here show that readers of spatial descriptions are more likely to accept sentences in a recognition test that are consistent with the operations used to construct a mental model than to accept sentences that are inconsistent. Consistency with the episodic construction trace leads to both correct recognition of verbatim sentences from the original description and false recognition of sentences that were not present in the original descriptions.
许多研究者认为，当人们阅读空间描述时，他们会构建所描述构型的心理模型。佩恩（1993）提出，阅读空间描述会产生对构建心理模型所使用操作的记忆，即情景构建痕迹。情景构建痕迹假说预测，对空间描述的记忆将受到原始描述所需构建过程与识别测试中一个项目所引发的构建过程之间重叠程度的影响。这里报告的两个实验表明，空间描述的读者在识别测试中更有可能接受与构建心理模型所使用操作一致的句子，而不是接受不一致的句子。与情景构建痕迹的一致性既导致对原始描述中逐字逐句句子的正确识别，也导致对原始描述中不存在句子的错误识别。
