Drake R E, Becker D R, Clark R E, Mueser K T
Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA.
Psychiatr Q. 1999 Winter;70(4):289-301. doi: 10.1023/a:1022086131916.
This paper reviews research on the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model of supported employment for people with severe mental illness. Current evidence indicates that IPS supported employment is a more effective approach for helping people with psychiatric disabilities to find and maintain competitive employment than rehabilitative day programs or than traditional, stepwise approaches to vocational rehabilitation. There is no evidence that the rapid-job-search, high-expectations approach of IPS produces untoward side effects. IPS positively affects satisfaction with finances and vocational services, but probably has minimal impact on clinical adjustment. The cost of IPS is similar to the costs of other vocational services, and cost reductions may occur when IPS displaces traditional day treatment programs. Future research should be directed at efforts to enhance job tenure and long-term vocational careers.
本文回顾了针对重度精神疾病患者的个体安置与支持（IPS）就业支持模式的研究。目前的证据表明，与康复日间项目或传统的逐步职业康复方法相比，IPS就业支持是帮助患有精神疾病的人找到并维持竞争性就业的更有效方法。没有证据表明IPS的快速求职、高期望方法会产生不良副作用。IPS对财务和职业服务满意度有积极影响，但可能对临床调整影响甚微。IPS的成本与其他职业服务的成本相似，当IPS取代传统日间治疗项目时可能会降低成本。未来的研究应致力于提高工作任期和长期职业生涯。
